SETTING: Rural/peri-urban community, South Africa. OBJECTIVES: To examine the yield of tuberculosis (TB) cases, TB preventive therapy (TBPT) initiation and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses from household TB contact tracing. DESIGN: Retrospective programme analysis. METHODS: Households of index TB cases were visited and their contacts screened for TB and HIV. TB suspects provided sputum or were referred for assessment. Contacts aged <5 years were referred for assessment for TBPT initiation. RESULTS: There were 732 index TB cases (67.1% HIV-positive). Among 3627 household contacts, 3573 (98.5%) had known outcomes, of which 183 (5.0%) were already on appropriate treatment. Among 3390 remaining contacts, 361 (10.6%) were aged <5 years, of whom 34 (9.4%) started anti-tuberculosis treatment and 286 (79.2%) started TBPT. Among 3029 contacts aged ≥5 years, 93 (3.1%) started anti-tuberculosis treatment: 19 (20.4%) were smear-positive and 71 (76.3%) were culture-positive. Among contacts aged ≥14 years, 794/2133 (37.2%) underwent HIV testing, of whom 208/794 (26.2%) tested positive. CONCLUSIONS: Household active case finding in this high TB and HIV prevalence setting obtained high yields of TB, particularly in those aged <5 years, and facilitated assessment for TBPT. There was a good yield of new HIV diagnoses, and a gain in efficiency due to integration within one programme.
SETTING: Rural/peri-urban community, South Africa. OBJECTIVES: To examine the yield of tuberculosis (TB) cases, TB preventive therapy (TBPT) initiation and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses from household TB contact tracing. DESIGN: Retrospective programme analysis. METHODS: Households of index TB cases were visited and their contacts screened for TB and HIV. TB suspects provided sputum or were referred for assessment. Contacts aged <5 years were referred for assessment for TBPT initiation. RESULTS: There were 732 index TB cases (67.1% HIV-positive). Among 3627 household contacts, 3573 (98.5%) had known outcomes, of which 183 (5.0%) were already on appropriate treatment. Among 3390 remaining contacts, 361 (10.6%) were aged <5 years, of whom 34 (9.4%) started anti-tuberculosis treatment and 286 (79.2%) started TBPT. Among 3029 contacts aged ≥5 years, 93 (3.1%) started anti-tuberculosis treatment: 19 (20.4%) were smear-positive and 71 (76.3%) were culture-positive. Among contacts aged ≥14 years, 794/2133 (37.2%) underwent HIV testing, of whom 208/794 (26.2%) tested positive. CONCLUSIONS: Household active case finding in this high TB and HIV prevalence setting obtained high yields of TB, particularly in those aged <5 years, and facilitated assessment for TBPT. There was a good yield of new HIV diagnoses, and a gain in efficiency due to integration within one programme.
Authors: Christopher J Hoffmann; Ebrahim Variava; Modiehi Rakgokong; Katlego Masonoke; Martin van der Watt; Richard E Chaisson; Neil A Martinson Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-04-17 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Phalkun Chheng; Mary Nsereko; LaShaunda L Malone; Brenda Okware; Sarah Zalwango; Moses Joloba; W Henry Boom; Ezekiel Mupere; Catherine M Stein Journal: Clin Epidemiol Date: 2015-10-13 Impact factor: 4.790
Authors: Daria Szkwarko; Yael Hirsch-Moverman; Lienki Du Plessis; Karen Du Preez; Catherine Carr; Anna M Mandalakas Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 3.240