BACKGROUND:Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are leading contributors to the global burden of disease. Patients attending accident and emergency (A&E) after an MVC may develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is evidence that brief cognitive behavioural therapy (B-CBT) can be effective in treating PTSD; however, there are few studies of the use of B-CBT to treat PTSD in MVC survivors. AIMS: This study examined the effects of B-CBT and a self-help program on the severity of psychological symptoms in MVC survivors at risk of developing PTSD. METHOD: Sixty participants who attended A&E after a MVC were screened for PTSD symptoms and randomized to a4-weekly session B-CBT or a 4-week self-help program (SHP) booklet treatment conditions. Psychological assessments were completed at baseline (1-month post-MVC) and posttreatment (3- and 6-month follow-ups) by utilizing Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS: There were significant improvements in the measures of anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms over time. Participants treated with B-CBT showed greater reductions in anxiety at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups, and in depression at 6-month follow-up. A comparison of effect size favoured B-CBT for the reduction of anxiety and depression symptoms measured by HADS. A high level of pretreatment anxiety and depression were predictive of negative outcome at 6-month follow-up in the SHP condition. There was no differential effect on PTSD symptoms measured by IES-R. CONCLUSIONS: This trial supports the efficacy of providing B-CBT as a preventive strategy to improve psychological symptoms after an MVC.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are leading contributors to the global burden of disease. Patients attending accident and emergency (A&E) after an MVC may develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is evidence that brief cognitive behavioural therapy (B-CBT) can be effective in treating PTSD; however, there are few studies of the use of B-CBT to treat PTSD in MVC survivors. AIMS: This study examined the effects of B-CBT and a self-help program on the severity of psychological symptoms in MVC survivors at risk of developing PTSD. METHOD: Sixty participants who attended A&E after a MVC were screened for PTSD symptoms and randomized to a 4-weekly session B-CBT or a 4-week self-help program (SHP) booklet treatment conditions. Psychological assessments were completed at baseline (1-month post-MVC) and posttreatment (3- and 6-month follow-ups) by utilizing Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS: There were significant improvements in the measures of anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms over time. Participants treated with B-CBT showed greater reductions in anxiety at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups, and in depression at 6-month follow-up. A comparison of effect size favoured B-CBT for the reduction of anxiety and depression symptoms measured by HADS. A high level of pretreatment anxiety and depression were predictive of negative outcome at 6-month follow-up in the SHP condition. There was no differential effect on PTSD symptoms measured by IES-R. CONCLUSIONS: This trial supports the efficacy of providing B-CBT as a preventive strategy to improve psychological symptoms after an MVC.
Authors: Neil P Roberts; Neil J Kitchiner; Justin Kenardy; Lindsay Robertson; Catrin Lewis; Jonathan I Bisson Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2019-08-08
Authors: Iris Reiner; Manfred E Beutel; Philipp Winter; Pol M Rommens; Sebastian Kuhn Journal: Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med Date: 2021-01-28 Impact factor: 2.953
Authors: Dan J Stein; Elie G Karam; Victoria Shahly; Eric D Hill; Andrew King; Maria Petukhova; Lukoye Atwoli; Evelyn J Bromet; Silvia Florescu; Josep Maria Haro; Hristo Hinkov; Aimee Karam; María Elena Medina-Mora; Fernando Navarro-Mateu; Marina Piazza; Arieh Shalev; Yolanda Torres; Alan M Zaslavsky; Ronald C Kessler Journal: BMC Psychiatry Date: 2016-07-22 Impact factor: 3.630