The selective CCK-B receptor antagonist L-365,260 enhances morphine analgesia and prevents morphine tolerance in the rat.

The effects of the selective CCK-A antagonist L-365,031 and the selective CCK-B antagonist L-365,260 on morphine analgesia and opiate tolerance and dependence in rats were examined. L-365,031 and L-365,260 had no effect on baseline pain thresholds in the radiant heat tail flick test but enhanced analgesia induced by a submaximal dose of morphine (4 mg/kg). Similarly, L-365,260 did not effect pain thresholds in the paw pressure test but enhanced morphine analgesia in this model. Rats injected twice daily for 6 days with incremental doses of morphine became tolerant to the analgesic effects of the drug. Twice daily injections of either 8 mg/kg L-365,031 or 0.2 mg/kg L-365,260 prevented the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia. In contrast, L-365,260 had no influence on the development of opiate dependence in these animals, as assessed by naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. The results of the present study, when considered together with previous data, indicate that the rank order of potency of non-peptide CCK antagonists for enhancing morphine analgesia is L-365,260 greater than MK-329 greater than L-365,031. This rank order correlates well with the potency of the antagonists in blocking CCK-B receptors in rodents and suggests that CCK/opiate interactions in this species are mediated by CCK-B receptors.