Antioxidant effect of carnosine pretreatment on cisplatin-induced renal oxidative stress in rats.

Cisplatin mediated nephrotoxicity is remarkably documented by reactive oxygen species. Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide and has a scavenging property. The aim of present study was to assess the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in association with oxidative stress in cisplatin -treated and 10 subsequent doses of carnosine-pretreated rats. 24 male Albino Wistar rats, were randomly divided into four groups (n=6). Group I remains untreated; Group II received Cisplatin (3 mg / kg) for 5 alternate days; Group III received Carnosine (10 mg / kg) for consecutive 10 days; Group IV received Carnosine (10 mg / kg) before administration of Cisplatin (3 mg / kg). The effects of carnosine on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity were evaluated by plasma creatinine, urea, malondialdehyde, nitrate; kidney tissue malondialdehyde, 4-HNE, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Cisplatin-induced oxidative stress was indicated by increased level of tissue MDA, 4-HNE and decreased level of tissue GSH, SOD and Catalase. Marked elevation of kidney weight and reduced body weight and pathological changes in kidney tissues were also observed in Cisplatin-treated rats. Carnosine reduced these pathological changes and counteracted the deleterious effects of cisplatin. The results divulge the beneficial effect of Carnosine pretreatment with cisplatin in experimental rat model.