Haemophilus parainfluenzae: report of an unusual cause of neonatal sepsis and a literature review.

Haemphilus parainfluenzae, an unusual cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis, is rarely reported. Risk factors for this serious infection include prolonged rupture of membranes, choriamnionitis, and prematurity. A high index of suspicion, proper culture techniques, and rapid species identification are needed to diagnose H. parainfluenzae sepsis. We present the first documented case from India with a review of the literature.