Examining the diet of post-migrant Hispanic males using the precede-proceed model: predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling dietary factors.

OBJECTIVE: To examine socio-environmental, behavioral, and predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling (PRE) factors contributing to post-migration dietary behavior change among a sample of traditional Hispanic males.
DESIGN: In this descriptive study, semistructured interviews, a group interview, and photovoice, followed by group interviews, were used to examine dietary change and contributing factors. The behavioral, environmental, organizational, and educational assessment phases of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model guided the organization of dietary contributing factors for development of a nutrition intervention.
SETTING: The southern region of Mississippi. PARTICIPANTS: Traditional Hispanic males (n = 19) were identified from 35 Hispanic males who participated in a larger study. The traditional Hispanic males were identified by the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II and the Marginality Scale. ANALYSIS: Using the Grounded Theory approach to data analysis, themes and core categories relating to dietary behavior were identified and defined during the analysis process. The constant comparison method was used to identify key themes among coders.
RESULTS: Cultural gender role and living structure, as socio-environmental factors, influenced the PRE dietary factors. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Multiple factors influence dietary behavior in the target population. The identified socio-environmental factors underlie the PRE factors and, therefore, must first be addressed in nutrition interventions.