Effect of an obesogenic diet during the juvenile period on growth pattern, fatness and metabolic, cardiovascular and reproductive features of Swine with obesity/leptin resistance.

The objective of this study was to determine, in a female swine model of leptin resistance (Iberian pig), the effect of an obesogenic diet, with high saturated fat content, during the juvenile period, on the appearance of early obesity and its possible effects on metabolic syndrome-related parameters and reproductive features (puberty attainment). Thus, from 130 to 245 days-old, seven Iberian gilts had ad libitum access to food enriched with saturated fat whilst six females acted as controls and had ad libitum access to a commercial maintenance diet. Results showed that a high fat intake-level during the juvenile period induces early obesity with lower body weight and size but a higher body fat-content. Such obesity was related with impairments of glucose regulation predisposing for insulin resistance, but also with an earlier onset of puberty. However, there were no signs of hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension; the gilts diminish their intake level and modify their metabolic features by increasing insulin secretion. In conclusion, Iberian gilts freely eating saturated fat diets during the juvenile period have the prodrome of metabolic syndrome but, during their juvenile period, are still able to develop an adaptive response to the diet.