Regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in the metabolism of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.

Biotransformation of three analogs of simvastatin, L-672,201, L-157,012 and L-672,220, by rat liver microsomes has been examined. These compounds differ from each other at the 6' position of the hexahydronaphthalene system. When 6'-substituents were in the alpha configuration, rat liver microsomes catalysed biotransformation primarily at the 6' position. Hydroxylation was stereoselective giving 6' beta-hydroxy derivatives as major metabolites. In contrast, when the 6'-substituent had a beta-configuration, metabolism at this site was blocked. Rates of metabolism (nmols/mg protein/min) also indicated that 6' beta-derivatives were poorer substrates than their 6' alpha-counterparts. The results indicate that cytochrome P-450 exhibits a high degree of regio- and stereoselectivity in the metabolism of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.