PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The field of neuro-otology has advanced substantially over the past 150 years. The function of the vestibular system was presumed to be audiologic prior to the groundbreaking work of Prosper Ménière in the late 1800s. Since that time, scientific discovery has advanced our knowledge of the physiology and the pathophysiology of the vestibular system. This article describes where we have been, where we are now, and where we need to go from here. RECENT FINDINGS: Some of the important recent advances include: (1) improved imaging of the brain and inner ear, (2) development of new eye movement recording and analysis techniques, (3) development of new tests of otolith function, (4) particle repositioning maneuvers for all types of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, and (5) improved bedside diagnosis and treatment of vestibular neuritis. SUMMARY: The cause and treatment for some common neuro-otologic disorders is now well delineated. The diagnosis and management of less common disorders has improved as well. Future work is still required to advance the science of vestibular physiology and pathophysiology and ultimately to discover new ways to improve the health of patients with these disorders.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The field of neuro-otology has advanced substantially over the past 150 years. The function of the vestibular system was presumed to be audiologic prior to the groundbreaking work of Prosper Ménière in the late 1800s. Since that time, scientific discovery has advanced our knowledge of the physiology and the pathophysiology of the vestibular system. This article describes where we have been, where we are now, and where we need to go from here. RECENT FINDINGS: Some of the important recent advances include: (1) improved imaging of the brain and inner ear, (2) development of new eye movement recording and analysis techniques, (3) development of new tests of otolith function, (4) particle repositioning maneuvers for all types of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, and (5) improved bedside diagnosis and treatment of vestibular neuritis. SUMMARY: The cause and treatment for some common neuro-otologic disorders is now well delineated. The diagnosis and management of less common disorders has improved as well. Future work is still required to advance the science of vestibular physiology and pathophysiology and ultimately to discover new ways to improve the health of patients with these disorders.
Authors: Sophia Grotz; Jessica Schäfer; Uwe Wolfrum; Nikolai Klymiuk; Kirsten A Wunderlich; Zdenka Ellederova; Hannah Auch; Andrea Bähr; Petra Runa-Vochozkova; Janet Fadl; Vanessa Arnold; Taras Ardan; Miroslav Veith; Gianluca Santamaria; Georg Dhom; Wolfgang Hitzl; Barbara Kessler; Christian Eckardt; Joshua Klein; Anna Brymova; Joshua Linnert; Mayuko Kurome; Valeri Zakharchenko; Andrea Fischer; Andreas Blutke; Anna Döring; Stepanka Suchankova; Jiri Popelar; Eduardo Rodríguez-Bocanegra; Julia Dlugaiczyk; Hans Straka; Helen May-Simera; Weiwei Wang; Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz; Luk H Vandenberghe; Eckhard Wolf; Kerstin Nagel-Wolfrum; Tobias Peters; Jan Motlik; M Dominik Fischer Journal: EMBO Mol Med Date: 2022-03-07 Impact factor: 12.137