Immunohistochemical analysis of sphingosine phosphate lyase expression during murine development.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SPL) catalyzes the degradation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid that controls cell proliferation, migration and survival. Mice lacking SPL expression exhibit developmental abnormalities, runting and death during the perinatal period, suggesting that SPL plays a role in mammalian development and adaptation to extrauterine life. We investigated the pattern of SPL expression in the mouse embryo and placenta from day 8 to day 18. Our findings reveal that SPL is expressed in the developing brain and neural tube, Rathke's pouch, first brachial arch, third brachial arch, optic stalk, midgut loops, and lung buds. Diffuse signal was high at E12, whereas a recognizable adult SPL pattern was evident by E15 and more intensely at E18, with strong expression in skin, nasal epithelium, intestinal epithelium, cartilage, thymus and pituitary gland. These findings suggest SPL may be involved in development of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), anterior pituitary, trigeminal nerve, palate and facial bones, thymus and other organs. Our findings are consistent with the SPL expression pattern of the adult mouse and with congenital abnormalities observed in SPL mutant mice.