Perioperative imaging in minimally invasive osteosynthesis in small animals.

Perioperative imaging using various appropriate modalities is critical to the successful planning and performance of any orthopedic surgery. Although not an absolute prerequisite, the use of intraoperative imaging considerably facilitates the smooth and effective execution of minimally invasive osteosynthesis (MIO). However, the risk of overexposure to radiation is real, particularly when considering its insidious effect over time. Therefore, the primary concern of the surgeon must be safety of the surgical team. This article outlines basic, simple steps that will be effective in reducing radiation exposure, which in turn will make MIO a safe alternative to open reduction and internal fixation.