Bisrat K Abraham1, Roy Gulick. 1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Clinical trials of oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have focused on regimens of tenofovir (TDF) with or without emtricitabine (FTC). However, TDF may be associated with toxicities (renal, bone), and FTC may select for drug resistance. Both are also first-line drugs for HIV treatment. In this review, we discuss agents that might serve as alternatives to TDF/FTC for HIV PrEP. RECENT FINDINGS: Several drug characteristics are important to consider when selecting agents for PrEP with the most critical being safety, tolerability, adequate penetration into target tissues for prevention of HIV infection, and long-lasting activity with convenient dosing. With these factors in mind, we review five potentially useful agents for PrEP. The first group includes drugs that are already Food and Drug Administration approved (maraviroc, raltegravir) with attributes that make them attractive for PrEP. The second group includes investigational agents with long-lasting activity that are being developed in parenteral form (rilpivirine-long acting, S/GSK1265744, ibalizumab). SUMMARY: Future PrEP drugs may give clinicians the flexibility to select agents on the basis of individual patient needs and preferences.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Clinical trials of oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have focused on regimens of tenofovir (TDF) with or without emtricitabine (FTC). However, TDF may be associated with toxicities (renal, bone), and FTC may select for drug resistance. Both are also first-line drugs for HIV treatment. In this review, we discuss agents that might serve as alternatives to TDF/FTC for HIV PrEP. RECENT FINDINGS: Several drug characteristics are important to consider when selecting agents for PrEP with the most critical being safety, tolerability, adequate penetration into target tissues for prevention of HIV infection, and long-lasting activity with convenient dosing. With these factors in mind, we review five potentially useful agents for PrEP. The first group includes drugs that are already Food and Drug Administration approved (maraviroc, raltegravir) with attributes that make them attractive for PrEP. The second group includes investigational agents with long-lasting activity that are being developed in parenteral form (rilpivirine-long acting, S/GSK1265744, ibalizumab). SUMMARY: Future PrEP drugs may give clinicians the flexibility to select agents on the basis of individual patient needs and preferences.
Authors: Robert M Grant; Javier R Lama; Peter L Anderson; Vanessa McMahan; Albert Y Liu; Lorena Vargas; Pedro Goicochea; Martín Casapía; Juan Vicente Guanira-Carranza; Maria E Ramirez-Cardich; Orlando Montoya-Herrera; Telmo Fernández; Valdilea G Veloso; Susan P Buchbinder; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Mauro Schechter; Linda-Gail Bekker; Kenneth H Mayer; Esper Georges Kallás; K Rivet Amico; Kathleen Mulligan; Lane R Bushman; Robert J Hance; Carmela Ganoza; Patricia Defechereux; Brian Postle; Furong Wang; J Jeff McConnell; Jia-Hua Zheng; Jeanny Lee; James F Rooney; Howard S Jaffe; Ana I Martinez; David N Burns; David V Glidden Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2010-11-23 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Ayman Ayoub; Sam Alston; James Goodrich; Jayvant Heera; Andy I M Hoepelman; Jacob Lalezari; Mary Mchale; Mark Nelson; Elna van der Ryst; Howard Mayer Journal: AIDS Date: 2010-11-13 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: David A Cooper; Jayvant Heera; James Goodrich; Margaret Tawadrous; Michael Saag; Edwin Dejesus; Nathan Clumeck; Sharon Walmsley; Naitee Ting; Eoin Coakley; Jacqueline D Reeves; Gustavo Reyes-Teran; Mike Westby; Elna Van Der Ryst; Prudence Ive; Lerato Mohapi; Horacio Mingrone; Andrzej Horban; Frances Hackman; John Sullivan; Howard Mayer Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2010-03-15 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Jeffrey L Lennox; Edwin DeJesus; Adriano Lazzarin; Richard B Pollard; Jose Valdez Ramalho Madruga; Daniel S Berger; Jing Zhao; Xia Xu; Angela Williams-Diaz; Anthony J Rodgers; Richard J O Barnard; Michael D Miller; Mark J DiNubile; Bach-Yen Nguyen; Randi Leavitt; Peter Sklar Journal: Lancet Date: 2009-08-03 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Jeffrey M Jacobson; Daniel R Kuritzkes; Eliot Godofsky; Edwin DeJesus; Jeffrey A Larson; Steven P Weinheimer; Stanley T Lewis Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2008-11-17 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Kevin M Tyo; Amanda B Lasnik; Longyun Zhang; Mohamed Mahmoud; Alfred B Jenson; Joshua L Fuqua; Kenneth E Palmer; Jill M Steinbach-Rankins Journal: J Control Release Date: 2020-02-05 Impact factor: 9.776
Authors: Carlos F Cáceres; Florence Koechlin; Pedro Goicochea; Papa-Salif Sow; Kevin R O'Reilly; Kenneth H Mayer; Peter Godfrey-Faussett Journal: J Int AIDS Soc Date: 2015-07-20 Impact factor: 5.396