The prognostic significance of tumor ploidy and pathology in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction.

Tumor DNA content has been advocated to be an important prognostic indicator in human malignancies. Paraffin-embedded specimens of 75 resected adenocarcinomas (AC) of the esophagogastric junction were studied by flow cytometric DNA analysis to determine whether tumor ploidy was a significant prognostic variable independent of stage and histologic grade of the tumor. Eighty-one percent of the tumors were aneuploid. More patients with aneuploid tumors had lymph node metastases than patients with diploid tumors (P = 0.007). Patients with aneuploid tumors had poorer 18-month disease-free and overall survival than patients with diploid tumors. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the most important prognostic variables for predicting overall survival were lymph node status, depth of wall invasion, and tumor differentiation. Tumor ploidy was not an independent prognostic variable in predicting recurrent disease or death from AC of the esophagogastric junction. Tumor DNA content is valuable, however, as a marker for patients at increased risk of lymph node metastases, early recurrence, and poorer survival.