OBJECTIVES: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important pathogen after lung transplant (LTx) and may be associated with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). We assessed the outcome of LTx patients with CMV DNA-positive bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) during surveillance. METHODS: A single-center retrospective study was performed. Outpatients transplanted between September 2007 and February 2010, who had undergone at least 3 BALs, were included. CMV DNA load in BAL was measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Monitoring of peripheral blood antigenemia was performed simultaneously. RESULTS: In total, 103 LTx patients underwent 1118 BALs. During median follow-up of 639 days (interquartile range, 495-780), 53 (51%) patients exhibited at least 1 positive CMV PCR in BAL. The incidence of positive CMV PCR varied post transplantation, with 6%, 30%, and 25% of BALs testing positive at <6 months, 6-24 months, and >24 months, respectively. Neither CMV BAL positivity, positive CMV antigenemia, nor dual positivity were significantly associated with BOS-free survival during follow-up. Patients with CMV-positive BAL more frequently developed CMV antigenemia in the first year (44% vs. 5%, respectively, log-rank P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Detection of CMV-positive BAL after the sixth month appears common, but did not correlate with BOS-free survival after LTx in this study. An increased risk of developing blood antigenemia was observed in patients with positive CMV PCR in BAL, warranting close follow-up.
OBJECTIVES: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important pathogen after lung transplant (LTx) and may be associated with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). We assessed the outcome of LTxpatients with CMV DNA-positive bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) during surveillance. METHODS: A single-center retrospective study was performed. Outpatients transplanted between September 2007 and February 2010, who had undergone at least 3 BALs, were included. CMV DNA load in BAL was measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Monitoring of peripheral blood antigenemia was performed simultaneously. RESULTS: In total, 103 LTxpatients underwent 1118 BALs. During median follow-up of 639 days (interquartile range, 495-780), 53 (51%) patients exhibited at least 1 positive CMV PCR in BAL. The incidence of positive CMV PCR varied post transplantation, with 6%, 30%, and 25% of BALs testing positive at <6 months, 6-24 months, and >24 months, respectively. Neither CMV BAL positivity, positive CMV antigenemia, nor dual positivity were significantly associated with BOS-free survival during follow-up. Patients with CMV-positive BAL more frequently developed CMV antigenemia in the first year (44% vs. 5%, respectively, log-rank P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Detection of CMV-positive BAL after the sixth month appears common, but did not correlate with BOS-free survival after LTx in this study. An increased risk of developing blood antigenemia was observed in patients with positive CMV PCR in BAL, warranting close follow-up.
Authors: Marc Hartert; Omer Senbaklavacin; Bernhard Gohrbandt; Berthold M Fischer; Roland Buhl; Christian-Friedrich Vahld Journal: Dtsch Arztebl Int Date: 2014-02-14 Impact factor: 5.594
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