OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to estimate the expenditure for HIV-care in Germany and to identify variables associated with resource use. DESIGN/ SETTING: We performed an 18-month prospective multi-center study in an HIV specialized ambulatory care setting from 2006 to 2009. SUBJECTS, PARTICIPANTS: Patients were eligible for study participation if they (1) were HIV-positive, (2) were ≥ 18 years of age, (3) provided written consent and (4) were not enrolled in another clinical study; 518 patients from 17 centers were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Health care costs were estimated following a micro-costing approach from two perspectives: (1) costs incurred to society in general, and (2) costs incurred to statutory health insurance. Data were obtained using questionnaires. Several empirical models for identifying the relationship between health care costs and independent variables, including age, gender, route of transmission and CD4 cell count at baseline, were developed. RESULTS: Average annual health care costs were <euro>23,298 per patient from the societal perspective and <euro>19,103 from the statutory health insurance perspective. Most expenses are caused by antiretroviral medication (80 % of the total and 89 % of direct costs), while hospital costs represented 7 % of total expenditure. A statistically significant association was found between health care costs and clinical variables, with higher CD4 count and female gender generating lower costs, while increased antiretroviral experience and injection drug use led to higher expenditures (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Expenditures for HIV-infection are driven mainly by drug costs. We identified several clinical variables influencing the costs of HIV-treatment. This information could assist policymakers when allocating limited health care resources to HIV care.
OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to estimate the expenditure for HIV-care in Germany and to identify variables associated with resource use. DESIGN/ SETTING: We performed an 18-month prospective multi-center study in an HIV specialized ambulatory care setting from 2006 to 2009. SUBJECTS, PARTICIPANTS: Patients were eligible for study participation if they (1) were HIV-positive, (2) were ≥ 18 years of age, (3) provided written consent and (4) were not enrolled in another clinical study; 518 patients from 17 centers were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Health care costs were estimated following a micro-costing approach from two perspectives: (1) costs incurred to society in general, and (2) costs incurred to statutory health insurance. Data were obtained using questionnaires. Several empirical models for identifying the relationship between health care costs and independent variables, including age, gender, route of transmission and CD4 cell count at baseline, were developed. RESULTS: Average annual health care costs were <euro>23,298 per patient from the societal perspective and <euro>19,103 from the statutory health insurance perspective. Most expenses are caused by antiretroviral medication (80 % of the total and 89 % of direct costs), while hospital costs represented 7 % of total expenditure. A statistically significant association was found between health care costs and clinical variables, with higher CD4 count and female gender generating lower costs, while increased antiretroviral experience and injection drug use led to higher expenditures (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Expenditures for HIV-infection are driven mainly by drug costs. We identified several clinical variables influencing the costs of HIV-treatment. This information could assist policymakers when allocating limited health care resources to HIV care.
Authors: David A M C van de Vijver; Ann-Kathrin Richter; Charles A B Boucher; Barbara Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer; Christian Kollan; Brooke E Nichols; Christoph D Spinner; Jürgen Wasem; Knud Schewe; Anja Neumann Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2019-02
Authors: Martin Prodel; Laurent Finkielsztejn; Laëtitia Roustand; Gaëlle Nachbaur; Lucie De Leotoing; Marie Genreau; Fabrice Bonnet; Jade Ghosn Journal: J Public Health Res Date: 2021-11-29
Authors: Marina Treskova; Alexander Kuhlmann; Johannes Bogner; Martin Hower; Hans Heiken; Hans-Jürgen Stellbrink; Jörg Mahlich; Johann-Matthias Graf von der Schulenburg; Matthias Stoll Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Date: 2016-06 Impact factor: 1.889
Authors: Eugenia Quiros-Roldan; Michele Magoni; Elena Raffetti; Francesco Donato; Carmelo Scarcella; Giuseppe Paraninfo; Francesco Castelli Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2016-11-09 Impact factor: 3.295