OBJECTIVE: To determine whether prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) increases maternal stress. STUDY DESIGN: Self-report instruments were administered to mothers carrying a fetus with CHD. Domains included: (1) traumatic stress (Impact of Events Scale-Revised); (2) depression (Beck Depression Index II); and (3) anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Index). Modifiers included: (1) coping skills (COPE Inventory); (2) partner satisfaction (Dyadic Adjustment Scale); and (3) demographics. Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess relationships between stress measures and modifiers. RESULTS: Fifty-nine mothers (gestational age 27 ± 3 weeks) completed all measures. Clinically important traumatic distress was seen in 39%, depression in 22%, and state anxiety in 31%. Lower partner satisfaction was associated with higher depression (P < .01) and higher anxiety (P < .01). After controlling for partner satisfaction and income, "denial" was most associated with increased traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety are common after prenatal diagnosis of CHD. Healthy partner relationships and positive coping mechanisms can act as buffers.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) increases maternal stress. STUDY DESIGN: Self-report instruments were administered to mothers carrying a fetus with CHD. Domains included: (1) traumatic stress (Impact of Events Scale-Revised); (2) depression (Beck Depression Index II); and (3) anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Index). Modifiers included: (1) coping skills (COPE Inventory); (2) partner satisfaction (Dyadic Adjustment Scale); and (3) demographics. Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess relationships between stress measures and modifiers. RESULTS: Fifty-nine mothers (gestational age 27 ± 3 weeks) completed all measures. Clinically important traumatic distress was seen in 39%, depression in 22%, and state anxiety in 31%. Lower partner satisfaction was associated with higher depression (P < .01) and higher anxiety (P < .01). After controlling for partner satisfaction and income, "denial" was most associated with increased traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS:Posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety are common after prenatal diagnosis of CHD. Healthy partner relationships and positive coping mechanisms can act as buffers.
Authors: Anne R Waldrop; Elizabeth B Sherwin; Jill N Anderson; Jay C Boissiere; Susan R Hintz; Shiraz A Maskatia; Anna I Girsen; Yair J Blumenfeld Journal: J Perinatol Date: 2021-03-12 Impact factor: 2.521
Authors: Ana Morales; Dawn C Allain; Patricia Arscott; Emily James; Gretchen MacCarrick; Brittney Murray; Crystal Tichnell; Amy R Shikany; Sara Spencer; Sara M Fitzgerald-Butt; Jessica D Kushner; Christi Munn; Emily Smith; Katherine G Spoonamore; Harikrishna S Tandri; W Aaron Kay Journal: J Genet Couns Date: 2017-03-10 Impact factor: 2.537
Authors: Piers C A Barker; Gregory H Tatum; Michael J Campbell; Michael G W Camitta; Angelo S Milazzo; Christoph P Hornik; Amanda French; Stephen G Miller Journal: Cardiol Young Date: 2018-08-06 Impact factor: 1.093