OBJECTIVE: Autopsy cases show that cortical lesions (CLs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) lack lymphocyte/macrophage influx, blood-brain barrier breakdown, and complement activation. However, some CLs were demonstrated to harbor activated microglia. Here, we assessed the clinical significance of microglia activation in CLs in a large autopsy sample, and we investigated possible interrelationships with other pathologic characteristics. METHODS: We cross-sectionally investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of 22 patients with MS with extensive subpial demyelination (CL group) and 19 patients with MS with only little demyelination of the cerebral cortex (non-CL group). RESULTS: A subset of the patients in the CL group (12 patients) showed rims of activated microglia (RAM) at the border of the CLs (RAM-CL group), whereas the other 10 patients in this group did not show microglia activation (non-RAM-CL group). A subsequent comparison between groups showed that patients with MS harboring RAM-CLs were significantly younger at the time of their death (53.5 years) than patients harboring mainly non-RAM-CLs (68.7 years; p < 0.05) or patients without extensive numbers of CLs (66.9 years; p < 0.01). In addition, a significantly shorter disease duration was found for the RAM-CL group (mean 20.9 years) than for the non-CL group (mean 34.5 years; p < 0.05). We also found that the presence of RAM-CLs is associated with a higher number of chronic active white matter (WM) lesions (Spearman ρ = 0.74; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: RAM-CLs were found in a subset of patients with MS who also have more active WM inflammation and a less favorable disease course.
OBJECTIVE: Autopsy cases show that cortical lesions (CLs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) lack lymphocyte/macrophage influx, blood-brain barrier breakdown, and complement activation. However, some CLs were demonstrated to harbor activated microglia. Here, we assessed the clinical significance of microglia activation in CLs in a large autopsy sample, and we investigated possible interrelationships with other pathologic characteristics. METHODS: We cross-sectionally investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of 22 patients with MS with extensive subpial demyelination (CL group) and 19 patients with MS with only little demyelination of the cerebral cortex (non-CL group). RESULTS: A subset of the patients in the CL group (12 patients) showed rims of activated microglia (RAM) at the border of the CLs (RAM-CL group), whereas the other 10 patients in this group did not show microglia activation (non-RAM-CL group). A subsequent comparison between groups showed that patients with MS harboring RAM-CLs were significantly younger at the time of their death (53.5 years) than patients harboring mainly non-RAM-CLs (68.7 years; p < 0.05) or patients without extensive numbers of CLs (66.9 years; p < 0.01). In addition, a significantly shorter disease duration was found for the RAM-CL group (mean 20.9 years) than for the non-CL group (mean 34.5 years; p < 0.05). We also found that the presence of RAM-CLs is associated with a higher number of chronic active white matter (WM) lesions (Spearman ρ = 0.74; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS:RAM-CLs were found in a subset of patients with MS who also have more active WM inflammation and a less favorable disease course.
Authors: M Castellaro; R Magliozzi; A Palombit; M Pitteri; E Silvestri; V Camera; S Montemezzi; F B Pizzini; A Bertoldo; R Reynolds; S Monaco; M Calabrese Journal: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol Date: 2017-04-13 Impact factor: 3.825
Authors: Elena Herranz; Costanza Giannì; Céline Louapre; Constantina A Treaba; Sindhuja T Govindarajan; Russell Ouellette; Marco L Loggia; Jacob A Sloane; Nancy Madigan; David Izquierdo-Garcia; Noreen Ward; Gabriel Mangeat; Tobias Granberg; Eric C Klawiter; Ciprian Catana; Jacob M Hooker; Norman Taylor; Carolina Ionete; Revere P Kinkel; Caterina Mainero Journal: Ann Neurol Date: 2016-10-25 Impact factor: 10.422
Authors: Marloes Prins; Charlotta Eriksson; Anne Wierinckx; John G J M Bol; Rob Binnekade; Fred J H Tilders; Anne-Marie Van Dam Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-12-23 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Nathaly Espitia Pinzon; Esther Stroo; Bert A 't Hart; John G J M Bol; Benjamin Drukarch; Jan Bauer; Anne-Marie van Dam Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-06-24 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Josefina Maranzano; David A Rudko; Kunio Nakamura; Stuart Cook; Diego Cadavid; Leo Wolansky; Douglas L Arnold; Sridar Narayanan Journal: Neurology Date: 2017-07-19 Impact factor: 9.910