[Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) nanoparticles inhibit the migration and adhesion of glioblastoma cells.

In our previous study, [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n), a fullerene-based nanoparticle, exhibited potent anti-tumor effects in mouse tumor-bearing models without detectable toxicity. The mechanism involved in the anti-tumor effect exerted by [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) remains to be elucidated. This study found that glioblastoma cells treated with [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) nanoparticles showed a significant impairment in migration and adhesion by cell chemotaxis, scratch and adhesion assays in vitro. Furthermore, our data showed that the key proteins, CD40 and ICAM-1, were involved in the inhibition of adhesion in the [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) nanoparticle-treated glioblastoma cells. Thus, our study suggests that the [Gd@C(82)(OH)(22)](n) nanoparticle is a new potential anti-tumor effector and a therapeutic component for malignant glioblastoma infiltration.