Defining successful performance among pediatric residents.

The pediatric literature has documented a growing attention to defining the nature and quality of residency training. The critical incident technique, a method widely accepted in industrial settings, was used in this study to determine attitudes and behaviors deemed critical for successful performance of residents in a pediatric training program. Structured interviews with 17 senior teaching faculty produced descriptions of resident behavior that were classified into the following mutually exclusive categories: commitment to learning, clinical judgment, communicating medical information, recognition of limits, professional behavior, interpersonal skills with patients, and dealing with emergency situations. Only 30% of the critical incidents obtained from the faculty were related to criteria traditionally used to select and evaluate residents, such as knowledge and technical skills, while the remaining incidents were noncognitive in nature. The results of this study have implications for the evaluation and selection of residents and suggest that pediatric program directors and faculty must give attention to the means by which noncognitive skills are fostered in residents.