BACKGROUND: Recent reports indicate that the prevalence of bipolar disorder (BD) in patients with an acute major depressive episode might be higher than previously thought. We aimed to study systematically all patients who sought therapy for major depressive episode (MDE) within the BRIDGE study in Germany, reporting on an increased number (increased from 2 in the international BRIDGE report to 5) of different diagnostic algorithms. METHODS: A total of 252 patients with acute MDE (DSM-IV confirmed) were examined for the existence of BD (a) according to DSM-IV criteria, (b) according to modified DSM-IV criteria (without the exclusion criterion of 'mania not induced by substances/antidepressants'), (c) according to a Bipolarity Specifier Algorithm which expands the DSM-IV criteria, (d) according to HCL-32R (Hypomania-Checklist-32R), and (e) according to a criteria-free physician's diagnosis. RESULTS: The five different diagnostic approaches yielded immensely variable prevalences for BD: (a) 11.6; (b) 24.8%; (c) 40.6%; (d) 58.7; e) 18.4% with only partial overlap between diagnoses according to the physician's diagnosis or HCL-32R with diagnoses according to the three DSM-based algorithms. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of BD in patients with MDE depends strongly on the method and criteria employed. The considerable difference between criteria-free physician's diagnosis and the remaining algorithms indicate the usefulness of criteria lists within the everyday clinical setting. LIMITATIONS: Diagnoses based on DSM were only made with checklists. The diagnoses of (hypo-) manic episodes in the patient history were not systematically verifiable by indirect anamnesis.
BACKGROUND: Recent reports indicate that the prevalence of bipolar disorder (BD) in patients with an acute major depressive episode might be higher than previously thought. We aimed to study systematically all patients who sought therapy for major depressive episode (MDE) within the BRIDGE study in Germany, reporting on an increased number (increased from 2 in the international BRIDGE report to 5) of different diagnostic algorithms. METHODS: A total of 252 patients with acute MDE (DSM-IV confirmed) were examined for the existence of BD (a) according to DSM-IV criteria, (b) according to modified DSM-IV criteria (without the exclusion criterion of 'mania not induced by substances/antidepressants'), (c) according to a Bipolarity Specifier Algorithm which expands the DSM-IV criteria, (d) according to HCL-32R (Hypomania-Checklist-32R), and (e) according to a criteria-free physician's diagnosis. RESULTS: The five different diagnostic approaches yielded immensely variable prevalences for BD: (a) 11.6; (b) 24.8%; (c) 40.6%; (d) 58.7; e) 18.4% with only partial overlap between diagnoses according to the physician's diagnosis or HCL-32R with diagnoses according to the three DSM-based algorithms. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of BD in patients with MDE depends strongly on the method and criteria employed. The considerable difference between criteria-free physician's diagnosis and the remaining algorithms indicate the usefulness of criteria lists within the everyday clinical setting. LIMITATIONS: Diagnoses based on DSM were only made with checklists. The diagnoses of (hypo-) manic episodes in the patient history were not systematically verifiable by indirect anamnesis.
Authors: Moro Maria Francesca; Lecca Maria Efisia; Ghillani M Alessandra; Alacqua Marianna; Carta Mauro Giovanni Journal: Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health Date: 2014-03-07
Authors: Nilay Hepgul; Sinead King; Myanthi Amarasinghe; Gerome Breen; Nina Grant; Nick Grey; Matthew Hotopf; Paul Moran; Carmine M Pariante; André Tylee; Janet Wingrove; Allan H Young; Anthony J Cleare Journal: BMC Psychiatry Date: 2016-02-27 Impact factor: 3.630
Authors: Abraham Nunes; Hugo G Schnack; Christopher R K Ching; Ingrid Agartz; Theophilus N Akudjedu; Martin Alda; Dag Alnæs; Silvia Alonso-Lana; Jochen Bauer; Bernhard T Baune; Erlend Bøen; Caterina Del Mar Bonnin; Geraldo F Busatto; Erick J Canales-Rodríguez; Dara M Cannon; Xavier Caseras; Tiffany M Chaim-Avancini; Udo Dannlowski; Ana M Díaz-Zuluaga; Bruno Dietsche; Nhat Trung Doan; Edouard Duchesnay; Torbjørn Elvsåshagen; Daniel Emden; Lisa T Eyler; Mar Fatjó-Vilas; Pauline Favre; Sonya F Foley; Janice M Fullerton; David C Glahn; Jose M Goikolea; Dominik Grotegerd; Tim Hahn; Chantal Henry; Derrek P Hibar; Josselin Houenou; Fleur M Howells; Neda Jahanshad; Tobias Kaufmann; Joanne Kenney; Tilo T J Kircher; Axel Krug; Trine V Lagerberg; Rhoshel K Lenroot; Carlos López-Jaramillo; Rodrigo Machado-Vieira; Ulrik F Malt; Colm McDonald; Philip B Mitchell; Benson Mwangi; Leila Nabulsi; Nils Opel; Bronwyn J Overs; Julian A Pineda-Zapata; Edith Pomarol-Clotet; Ronny Redlich; Gloria Roberts; Pedro G Rosa; Raymond Salvador; Theodore D Satterthwaite; Jair C Soares; Dan J Stein; Henk S Temmingh; Thomas Trappenberg; Anne Uhlmann; Neeltje E M van Haren; Eduard Vieta; Lars T Westlye; Daniel H Wolf; Dilara Yüksel; Marcus V Zanetti; Ole A Andreassen; Paul M Thompson; Tomas Hajek Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2018-08-31 Impact factor: 15.992