OBJECTIVE: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a highly malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Its pathogenesis remains unknown. Like glioblastomas, AT/RTs contain brain cancer stem cells (CSCs) that suppress the immunity of patients and are resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Considerable infiltration of immune cells, including macrophages/microglia, dendritic cells and T-cells, has been noted in glioblastomas, which correlates with poor prognosis. The present study examines the significance of infiltrating immune cells in four cases of AT/RT; including one associated with an autoimmune disease, Henoch-Schonlein purpura. METHODS: Tumor tissues from four patients with AT/RT were analyzed and compared with those from four patients with glioblastomas. The frequency of immune cells, including CD68+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells, was assessed by scoring for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The infiltration of immune cells was identified in the case of AT/RT associated with HSP and three other cases of infratentorial AT/RTs. Moderate infiltration of CD68+ macrophages/microglia and CD4+ cells was noted in AT/RTs with no significant difference from that in glioblastomas (p > 0.05). However, the infiltration of CD8+ T-cells was significantly higher in AT/RTs than that in glioblastomas (p < 0.05); CD4+/CD8+ ratio was significantly lower in AT/RTs than that in glioblastomas (p < 0.05). In addition, eosinophils were found in all AT/RTs, but not in glioblastomas. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest an immune microenvironment of AT/RTs with more immune effectors than glioblastomas. Our observation contributes to understanding the growth environment of AT/RTs for which adjuvant immunotherapy may be potentially beneficial.
OBJECTIVE: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a highly malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Its pathogenesis remains unknown. Like glioblastomas, AT/RTs contain brain cancer stem cells (CSCs) that suppress the immunity of patients and are resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Considerable infiltration of immune cells, including macrophages/microglia, dendritic cells and T-cells, has been noted in glioblastomas, which correlates with poor prognosis. The present study examines the significance of infiltrating immune cells in four cases of AT/RT; including one associated with an autoimmune disease, Henoch-Schonlein purpura. METHODS:Tumor tissues from four patients with AT/RT were analyzed and compared with those from four patients with glioblastomas. The frequency of immune cells, including CD68+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells, was assessed by scoring for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The infiltration of immune cells was identified in the case of AT/RT associated with HSP and three other cases of infratentorial AT/RTs. Moderate infiltration of CD68+ macrophages/microglia and CD4+ cells was noted in AT/RTs with no significant difference from that in glioblastomas (p > 0.05). However, the infiltration of CD8+ T-cells was significantly higher in AT/RTs than that in glioblastomas (p < 0.05); CD4+/CD8+ ratio was significantly lower in AT/RTs than that in glioblastomas (p < 0.05). In addition, eosinophils were found in all AT/RTs, but not in glioblastomas. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest an immune microenvironment of AT/RTs with more immune effectors than glioblastomas. Our observation contributes to understanding the growth environment of AT/RTs for which adjuvant immunotherapy may be potentially beneficial.
Authors: Selin Jessa; Alexis Blanchet-Cohen; Brian Krug; Maria Vladoiu; Marie Coutelier; Damien Faury; Brice Poreau; Nicolas De Jay; Steven Hébert; Jean Monlong; W Todd Farmer; Laura K Donovan; Yixing Hu; Melissa K McConechy; Florence M G Cavalli; Leonie G Mikael; Benjamin Ellezam; Maxime Richer; Andréa Allaire; Alexander G Weil; Jeffrey Atkinson; Jean-Pierre Farmer; Roy W R Dudley; Valerie Larouche; Louis Crevier; Steffen Albrecht; Mariella G Filbin; Hervé Sartelet; Pierre-Eric Lutz; Corina Nagy; Gustavo Turecki; Santiago Costantino; Peter B Dirks; Keith K Murai; Guillaume Bourque; Jiannis Ragoussis; Livia Garzia; Michael D Taylor; Nada Jabado; Claudia L Kleinman Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2019-11-25 Impact factor: 38.330
Authors: John D Patterson; Jeffrey C Henson; Rebecca O Breese; Kevin J Bielamowicz; Analiz Rodriguez Journal: Front Oncol Date: 2020-08-12 Impact factor: 6.244
Authors: Ana Marcu; Andreas Schlosser; Anne Keupp; Nico Trautwein; Pascal Johann; Matthias Wölfl; Johanna Lager; Camelia Maria Monoranu; Juliane S Walz; Lisa M Henkel; Jürgen Krauß; Martin Ebinger; Martin Schuhmann; Ulrich Wilhelm Thomale; Torsten Pietsch; Erdwine Klinker; Paul G Schlegel; Florian Oyen; Yair Reisner; Hans-Georg Rammensee; Matthias Eyrich Journal: J Immunother Cancer Date: 2021-10 Impact factor: 13.751