BACKGROUND: Although fluoroquinolones are sometimes associated with mild, transient elevations in aminotransferase levels, serious acute liver injury is uncommon. Regulatory warnings have identified moxifloxacin as presenting a particular risk of hepatotoxicity. Thus, we examined the risk of idiosyncratic acute liver injury associated with the use of moxifloxacin relative to other selected antibiotic agents. METHODS: We conducted a population-based, nested, case-control study using health care data from Ontario for the period April 2002 to March 2011. We identified cases as outpatients aged 66 years or older with no history of liver disease, and who were admitted to hospital for acute liver injury within 30 days of receiving a prescription for 1 of 5 broad-spectrum antibiotic agents: moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime axetil or clarithromycin. For each case, we selected up to 10 age- and sex-matched controls from among patients who had received a study antibiotic, but who were not admitted to hospital for acute liver injury. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) to determine the association between admission to hospital and previous exposure to an antibiotic agent, using clarithromycin as the reference. RESULTS: A total of 144 patients were admitted to hospital for acute liver injury within 30 days of receiving a prescription for one of the identified drugs. Of these patients, 88 (61.1%) died while in hospital. After multivariable adjustment, use of either moxifloxacin (adjusted OR 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-3.98) or levofloxacin (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.01-3.39) was associated with an increase in risk of acute liver injury relative to the use of clarithromycin. We saw no such risk associated with the use of either ciprofloxacin or cefuroxime axetil. INTERPRETATION: Among older outpatients with no evidence of liver disease, moxifloxacin and levofloxacin were associated with an increased risk of acute liver injury relative to clarithromycin.
BACKGROUND: Although fluoroquinolones are sometimes associated with mild, transient elevations in aminotransferase levels, serious acute liver injury is uncommon. Regulatory warnings have identified moxifloxacin as presenting a particular risk of hepatotoxicity. Thus, we examined the risk of idiosyncratic acute liver injury associated with the use of moxifloxacin relative to other selected antibiotic agents. METHODS: We conducted a population-based, nested, case-control study using health care data from Ontario for the period April 2002 to March 2011. We identified cases as outpatients aged 66 years or older with no history of liver disease, and who were admitted to hospital for acute liver injury within 30 days of receiving a prescription for 1 of 5 broad-spectrum antibiotic agents: moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime axetil or clarithromycin. For each case, we selected up to 10 age- and sex-matched controls from among patients who had received a study antibiotic, but who were not admitted to hospital for acute liver injury. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) to determine the association between admission to hospital and previous exposure to an antibiotic agent, using clarithromycin as the reference. RESULTS: A total of 144 patients were admitted to hospital for acute liver injury within 30 days of receiving a prescription for one of the identified drugs. Of these patients, 88 (61.1%) died while in hospital. After multivariable adjustment, use of either moxifloxacin (adjusted OR 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-3.98) or levofloxacin (adjusted OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.01-3.39) was associated with an increase in risk of acute liver injury relative to the use of clarithromycin. We saw no such risk associated with the use of either ciprofloxacin or cefuroxime axetil. INTERPRETATION: Among older outpatients with no evidence of liver disease, moxifloxacin and levofloxacin were associated with an increased risk of acute liver injury relative to clarithromycin.
Authors: Eric S Orman; Hari S Conjeevaram; Raj Vuppalanchi; James W Freston; James Rochon; David E Kleiner; Paul H Hayashi Journal: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol Date: 2011-02-26 Impact factor: 11.382
Authors: David N Juurlink; Muhammad M Mamdani; Douglas S Lee; Alexander Kopp; Peter C Austin; Andreas Laupacis; Donald A Redelmeier Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2004-08-05 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Russell R Kempker; Wael A Alghamdi; Mohammad H Al-Shaer; Gena Burch; Charles A Peloquin Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2019-10-07 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Karen C Nanji; Sarah P Slight; Diane L Seger; Insook Cho; Julie M Fiskio; Lisa M Redden; Lynn A Volk; David W Bates Journal: J Am Med Inform Assoc Date: 2013-10-28 Impact factor: 4.497
Authors: Carmen Ferrajolo; Katia M C Verhamme; Gianluca Trifirò; Geert W 't Jong; Gino Picelli; Carlo Giaquinto; Giampiero Mazzaglia; Bruno H Stricker; Francesco Rossi; Annalisa Capuano; Miriam C J M Sturkenboom Journal: Drug Saf Date: 2017-04 Impact factor: 5.606
Authors: Milan Radovanovic; Tetyana Dushenkovska; Ivan Cvorovic; Natasa Radovanovic; Vimala Ramasamy; Katarina Milosavljevic; Jelena Surla; Mladen Jecmenica; Miroslav Radulovic; Tamara Milovanovic; Igor Dumic Journal: Am J Case Rep Date: 2018-09-29