Performance on tests sensitive to frontal lobe lesions by patients with organic amnesia: Leng & Parkin revisited.

Groups of amnesics with aetiologies that included chronic alcoholism, encephalitis and ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm (ACoAA) were examined on the Cognitive Estimation Test (CET), FAS Word Fluency Test (FAS) and the full and Nelson (1976) versions of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). The alcoholic amnesics were impaired on all four tests, whereas the post-encephalitic amnesics were impaired on the FAS and CET but performed normally on both versions of the WCST. The ACoAA amnesics were impaired on both the FAS and the CET, and scored at a level in between the other amnesic subgroups on the WCST.