BACKGROUND: Imaging evidence indicates that brain alterations are primary to the full-blown onset of schizophrenia and seem to progress across time. The potential effects of antipsychotic medication on brain structure represent a key factor in understanding brain changes in psychosis. We aimed to investigate the effects of low doses of haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine on cortical thickness. METHOD: We investigated the effects of risperidone (N=16), olanzapine (N=18) and low doses of haloperidol (N=18) in cortical thickness changes during 1-year follow-up period in a large and heterogeneous sample of schizophrenia spectrum patients. The relationship between cortical thickness changes and clinical and cognitive outcome was also assessed. A group of 45 healthy volunteers was also longitudinally evaluated. Magnetic resonance imaging brain scans (1.5T) were obtained and images were analyzed by using BRAINS2. RESULTS: There were no significant effects of time (F(1,47)<1.66; P>0.204), treatment group (F(2,47)<1.47; P>0.242) or group-by-time interaction (F(2,47)<1.82; P>0.174) for any of the cortical thickness variables. When the group of healthy controls was included in the analyses, it is of note that group-by-time interaction showed a significant result for the frontal lobe at trend level (F(3,81)=2.686; P=0.052). After the Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons, there were no significant associations between changes in cortical thickness and clinical and cognitive outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Low doses of haloperidol, risperidone, and olanzapine seem to equally affect gray matter cortical thickness, overall and lobes, at the medium-term (1 year). The clinical effectiveness of treatments was not significantly related to changes in cortical thickness.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Imaging evidence indicates that brain alterations are primary to the full-blown onset of schizophrenia and seem to progress across time. The potential effects of antipsychotic medication on brain structure represent a key factor in understanding brain changes in psychosis. We aimed to investigate the effects of low doses of haloperidol, risperidone and olanzapine on cortical thickness. METHOD: We investigated the effects of risperidone (N=16), olanzapine (N=18) and low doses of haloperidol (N=18) in cortical thickness changes during 1-year follow-up period in a large and heterogeneous sample of schizophrenia spectrum patients. The relationship between cortical thickness changes and clinical and cognitive outcome was also assessed. A group of 45 healthy volunteers was also longitudinally evaluated. Magnetic resonance imaging brain scans (1.5T) were obtained and images were analyzed by using BRAINS2. RESULTS: There were no significant effects of time (F(1,47)<1.66; P>0.204), treatment group (F(2,47)<1.47; P>0.242) or group-by-time interaction (F(2,47)<1.82; P>0.174) for any of the cortical thickness variables. When the group of healthy controls was included in the analyses, it is of note that group-by-time interaction showed a significant result for the frontal lobe at trend level (F(3,81)=2.686; P=0.052). After the Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons, there were no significant associations between changes in cortical thickness and clinical and cognitive outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Low doses of haloperidol, risperidone, and olanzapine seem to equally affect gray matter cortical thickness, overall and lobes, at the medium-term (1 year). The clinical effectiveness of treatments was not significantly related to changes in cortical thickness.
Authors: Mike M Schmitgen; Katharina M Kubera; Malte S Depping; Henrike M Nolte; Dusan Hirjak; Stefan Hofer; Julia H Hasenkamp; Ulrich Seidl; Bram Stieltjes; Klaus H Maier-Hein; Fabio Sambataro; Alexander Sartorius; Philipp A Thomann; Robert C Wolf Journal: Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci Date: 2019-07-05 Impact factor: 5.270
Authors: Ian S Ramsay; Susanna Fryer; Brian J Roach; Alison Boos; Melissa Fisher; Rachel Loewy; Judith M Ford; Sophia Vinogradov; Daniel H Mathalon Journal: Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging Date: 2021-04-07 Impact factor: 2.493
Authors: Esther Walton; Daniel Geisler; Johanna Hass; Jingyu Liu; Jessica Turner; Anastasia Yendiki; Michael N Smolka; Beng-Choon Ho; Dara S Manoach; Randy L Gollub; Veit Roessner; Vince D Calhoun; Stefan Ehrlich Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-10-02 Impact factor: 3.240