AIMS: This study describes the use of prescribed drugs among women in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) prior to, and during, pregnancy. DESIGN: This cohort study was based on data from two nationwide databases: the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and the Norwegian Prescription Database. SETTING: Norway, 2004-2010. PARTICIPANTS: OMT drugs were dispensed to 138 women with 159 pregnancies. MEASUREMENTS: All prescription drugs dispensed to women in OMT three months prior to, and during, pregnancy were studied. Amounts of benzodiazepines, z-hypnotics and opioid analgesics dispensed during pregnancy were studied and bivariate analysis was used to study neonatal outcomes of OMT pregnancies with and without such co-medication. FINDINGS: The prevalence of prescription drug use by pregnant OMT women was high both during the three-month period prior to (69%), and during (81%), pregnancy. The proportion of pregnant women that was dispensed anti-infectives (48%) and/or drugs acting on the nervous system (45%) during any time in pregnancy was especially high. In 21%, 15% and 13% of the pregnancies the women were dispensed benzodiazepine anxiolytics, opioid analgesics or benzodiazepine hypnotics respectively. Only 5% of the OMT women were dispensed antidepressants. Malformations were significantly more common among children born to mothers in OMT that received co-medication with opioids, benzodiazepines or z-hypnotics. CONCLUSIONS: A higher proportion of women in opioid maintenance treatment in Norway use prescription drugs prior to, and during, pregnancy than pregnant women in the general population. Co-medication with drugs with abuse potential may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and this need to be further addressed.
AIMS: This study describes the use of prescribed drugs among women in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) prior to, and during, pregnancy. DESIGN: This cohort study was based on data from two nationwide databases: the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and the Norwegian Prescription Database. SETTING: Norway, 2004-2010. PARTICIPANTS: OMT drugs were dispensed to 138 women with 159 pregnancies. MEASUREMENTS: All prescription drugs dispensed to women in OMT three months prior to, and during, pregnancy were studied. Amounts of benzodiazepines, z-hypnotics and opioid analgesics dispensed during pregnancy were studied and bivariate analysis was used to study neonatal outcomes of OMT pregnancies with and without such co-medication. FINDINGS: The prevalence of prescription drug use by pregnant OMTwomen was high both during the three-month period prior to (69%), and during (81%), pregnancy. The proportion of pregnant women that was dispensed anti-infectives (48%) and/or drugs acting on the nervous system (45%) during any time in pregnancy was especially high. In 21%, 15% and 13% of the pregnancies the women were dispensed benzodiazepine anxiolytics, opioid analgesics or benzodiazepine hypnotics respectively. Only 5% of the OMTwomen were dispensed antidepressants. Malformations were significantly more common among children born to mothers in OMT that received co-medication with opioids, benzodiazepines or z-hypnotics. CONCLUSIONS: A higher proportion of women in opioid maintenance treatment in Norway use prescription drugs prior to, and during, pregnancy than pregnant women in the general population. Co-medication with drugs with abuse potential may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and this need to be further addressed.
Authors: Jennifer N Lind; Julia D Interrante; Elizabeth C Ailes; Suzanne M Gilboa; Sara Khan; Meghan T Frey; April L Dawson; Margaret A Honein; Nicole F Dowling; Hilda Razzaghi; Andreea A Creanga; Cheryl S Broussard Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2017-06 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Marte Handal; Blanka Nechanská; Svetlana Skurtveit; Ingunn Olea Lund; Roman Gabrhelík; Anders Engeland; Viktor Mravčík Journal: Pharmacol Res Perspect Date: 2019-08-14
Authors: Alex Farr; Herbert Kiss; Michael Hagmann; Iris Holzer; Verena Kueronya; Peter W Husslein; Ljubomir Petricevic Journal: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth Date: 2016-08-05 Impact factor: 3.007
Authors: Jonas F Ludvigsson; Siri E Håberg; Gun Peggy Knudsen; Pierre Lafolie; Helga Zoega; Catharina Sarkkola; Stephanie von Kraemer; Elisabete Weiderpass; Mette Nørgaard Journal: Clin Epidemiol Date: 2015-11-23 Impact factor: 4.790