BACKGROUND: There is limited information regarding the contribution of diabetes mellitus (DM) to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) failure in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients. AIM: To determine whether type 2 DM is a risk factor for PPI failure and the potential predictive factors for PPI failure among type 2 DM patients with GERD. DESIGN: A case-control study was performed using hospital medical records of GERD patients treated with a PPI. The prevalence of type 2 DM and other risk factors (established >1 y before study enrollment) was determined in the PPI failure (treatment with more than once daily PPI) as compared with PPI responders. RESULTS: A total of 732 GERD patients receiving PPI therapy, including 285 who failed PPI treatment, were included. The overall prevalence of PPI failure was significantly higher in diabetic versus nondiabetic patients. The relationship between PPI failure and type 2 DM depended on body mass index. Only in obese patients the odds ratio of PPI failure was significantly higher in type 2 DM as compared with non-DM patients. In the subgroup of GERD patients with type 2 DM (n=349), PPI failure was significantly associated with female sex, the presence of general comorbidities, and adequate DM control. Duration of DM, type of antidiabetic medication prescribed, and DM-associated complications were not associated with PPI failure. CONCLUSIONS: PPI failure was significantly associated with type 2 DM in obese patients. Among GERD patients with type 2 DM, failure of PPI treatment was significantly associated with female sex and the presence of general comorbidities.
BACKGROUND: There is limited information regarding the contribution of diabetes mellitus (DM) to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) failure in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients. AIM: To determine whether type 2 DM is a risk factor for PPI failure and the potential predictive factors for PPI failure among type 2 DMpatients with GERD. DESIGN: A case-control study was performed using hospital medical records of GERDpatients treated with a PPI. The prevalence of type 2 DM and other risk factors (established >1 y before study enrollment) was determined in the PPI failure (treatment with more than once daily PPI) as compared with PPI responders. RESULTS: A total of 732 GERDpatients receiving PPI therapy, including 285 who failed PPI treatment, were included. The overall prevalence of PPI failure was significantly higher in diabetic versus nondiabeticpatients. The relationship between PPI failure and type 2 DM depended on body mass index. Only in obesepatients the odds ratio of PPI failure was significantly higher in type 2 DM as compared with non-DMpatients. In the subgroup of GERDpatients with type 2 DM (n=349), PPI failure was significantly associated with female sex, the presence of general comorbidities, and adequate DM control. Duration of DM, type of antidiabetic medication prescribed, and DM-associated complications were not associated with PPI failure. CONCLUSIONS:PPI failure was significantly associated with type 2 DM in obesepatients. Among GERDpatients with type 2 DM, failure of PPI treatment was significantly associated with female sex and the presence of general comorbidities.
Authors: Oksana Zayachkivska; Olena Havryluk; Nazar Hrycevych; Nazar Bula; Oksana Grushka; John L Wallace Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-10-21 Impact factor: 3.240