OBJECTIVES: To characterize persons undergoing HIV genotypic resistance testing (GRT) while treatment naive and to estimate the prevalence of transmitted HIV drug resistance (TDR) among HIV-positive outpatients in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: We analysed data from a multi-site cohort of persons receiving HIV care. Data were obtained from medical chart abstractions, interviews and record linkage with the Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Ontario. The analysis was restricted to 626 treatment-naive persons diagnosed in 2002-09. TDR mutations were identified using the calibrated population resistance tool. We used descriptive statistics and regression methods to characterize treatment-naive GRT test uptake and patterns of TDR. RESULTS: Overall, 53.2% (333/626) of participants had baseline GRT. The proportion increased with year of HIV diagnosis from 30.0% in 2002 to 82.6% in 2009 (P < 0.0001). Among those tested, 13.6% (CI 9.9-17.3%) had one or more drug resistance mutations, and 8.8% (CI 5.7-11.8%), 4.8% (CI 2.5-7.2%) and 2.7% (CI 1.0-4.5%) had mutations conferring resistance to nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs), respectively. TDR prevalence increased from 2002-07 to 2008-09 (adjusted OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.7-8.2), driven by a higher proportion with NRTI (18.2% versus 5.9%, P = 0.0009) and NNRTI mutations (11.7% versus 2.8%, P = 0.004) in the later time period. PI TDR remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline GRT increased dramatically since 2002, but remains below 100%. The prevalence of overall TDR tripled due to increases in NRTI and NNRTI mutations. These findings highlight the value of routine baseline GRT for TDR surveillance and patient care.
OBJECTIVES: To characterize persons undergoing HIV genotypic resistance testing (GRT) while treatment naive and to estimate the prevalence of transmitted HIV drug resistance (TDR) among HIV-positive outpatients in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: We analysed data from a multi-site cohort of persons receiving HIV care. Data were obtained from medical chart abstractions, interviews and record linkage with the Public Health Laboratories, Public Health Ontario. The analysis was restricted to 626 treatment-naive persons diagnosed in 2002-09. TDR mutations were identified using the calibrated population resistance tool. We used descriptive statistics and regression methods to characterize treatment-naive GRT test uptake and patterns of TDR. RESULTS: Overall, 53.2% (333/626) of participants had baseline GRT. The proportion increased with year of HIV diagnosis from 30.0% in 2002 to 82.6% in 2009 (P < 0.0001). Among those tested, 13.6% (CI 9.9-17.3%) had one or more drug resistance mutations, and 8.8% (CI 5.7-11.8%), 4.8% (CI 2.5-7.2%) and 2.7% (CI 1.0-4.5%) had mutations conferring resistance to nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs), respectively. TDR prevalence increased from 2002-07 to 2008-09 (adjusted OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.7-8.2), driven by a higher proportion with NRTI (18.2% versus 5.9%, P = 0.0009) and NNRTI mutations (11.7% versus 2.8%, P = 0.004) in the later time period. PI TDR remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline GRT increased dramatically since 2002, but remains below 100%. The prevalence of overall TDR tripled due to increases in NRTI and NNRTI mutations. These findings highlight the value of routine baseline GRT for TDR surveillance and patient care.
Authors: James I Brooks; Harrison Niznick; Marianna Ofner; Harriet Merks; Jonathan B Angel Journal: BMC Infect Dis Date: 2013-10-30 Impact factor: 3.090
Authors: L Marije Hofstra; Nicolas Sauvageot; Jan Albert; Ivailo Alexiev; Federico Garcia; Daniel Struck; David A M C Van de Vijver; Birgitta Åsjö; Danail Beshkov; Suzie Coughlan; Diane Descamps; Algirdas Griskevicius; Osamah Hamouda; Andrzej Horban; Marjo Van Kasteren; Tatjana Kolupajeva; Leondios G Kostrikis; Kirsi Liitsola; Marek Linka; Orna Mor; Claus Nielsen; Dan Otelea; Dimitrios Paraskevis; Roger Paredes; Mario Poljak; Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl; Anders Sönnerborg; Danica Staneková; Maja Stanojevic; Kristel Van Laethem; Maurizio Zazzi; Snjezana Zidovec Lepej; Charles A B Boucher; Jean-Claude Schmit; Annemarie M J Wensing; E Puchhammer-Stockl; M Sarcletti; B Schmied; M Geit; G Balluch; A-M Vandamme; J Vercauteren; I Derdelinckx; A Sasse; M Bogaert; H Ceunen; A De Roo; S De Wit; F Echahidi; K Fransen; J-C Goffard; P Goubau; E Goudeseune; J-C Yombi; P Lacor; C Liesnard; M Moutschen; D Pierard; R Rens; Y Schrooten; D Vaira; L P R Vandekerckhove; A Van den Heuvel; B Van Der Gucht; M Van Ranst; E Van Wijngaerden; B Vandercam; M Vekemans; C Verhofstede; N Clumeck; K Van Laethem; D Beshkov; I Alexiev; S Zidovec Lepej; J Begovac; L Kostrikis; I Demetriades; I Kousiappa; V Demetriou; J Hezka; M Linka; M Maly; L Machala; C Nielsen; L B Jørgensen; J Gerstoft; L Mathiesen; C Pedersen; H Nielsen; A Laursen; B Kvinesdal; K Liitsola; M Ristola; J Suni; J Sutinen; D Descamps; L Assoumou; G Castor; M Grude; P Flandre; A Storto; O Hamouda; C Kücherer; T Berg; P Braun; G Poggensee; M Däumer; J Eberle; H Heiken; R Kaiser; H Knechten; K Korn; H Müller; S Neifer; B Schmidt; H Walter; B Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer; T Harrer; D Paraskevis; A Hatzakis; A Zavitsanou; A Vassilakis; M Lazanas; M Chini; A Lioni; V Sakka; S Kourkounti; V Paparizos; A Antoniadou; A Papadopoulos; G Poulakou; I Katsarolis; K Protopapas; G Chryssos; S Drimis; P Gargalianos; G Xylomenos; G Lourida; M Psichogiou; G L Daikos; N V Sipsas; A Kontos; M N Gamaletsou; G Koratzanis; H Sambatakou; H Mariolis; A Skoutelis; V Papastamopoulos; O Georgiou; P Panagopoulos; E Maltezos; S Coughlan; C De Gascun; C Byrne; M Duffy; C Bergin; D Reidy; G Farrell; J Lambert; E O'Connor; A Rochford; J Low; P Coakely; S O'Dea; W Hall; O Mor; I Levi; D Chemtob; Z Grossman; M Zazzi; A de Luca; C Balotta; C Riva; C Mussini; I Caramma; A Capetti; M C Colombo; C Rossi; F Prati; F Tramuto; F Vitale; M Ciccozzi; G Angarano; G Rezza; T Kolupajeva; O Vasins; A Griskevicius; V Lipnickiene; J C Schmit; D Struck; N Sauvageot; R Hemmer; V Arendt; C Michaux; T Staub; C Sequin-Devaux; A M J Wensing; C A B Boucher; D A M C van de Vijver; A van Kessel; P H M van Bentum; K Brinkman; B J Connell; M E van der Ende; I M Hoepelman; M van Kasteren; M Kuipers; N Langebeek; C Richter; R M W J Santegoets; L Schrijnders-Gudde; R Schuurman; B J M van de Ven; B Åsjö; A-M Bakken Kran; V Ormaasen; P Aavitsland; A Horban; J J Stanczak; G P Stanczak; E Firlag-Burkacka; A Wiercinska-Drapalo; E Jablonowska; E Maolepsza; M Leszczyszyn-Pynka; W Szata; R Camacho; C Palma; F Borges; T Paixão; V Duque; F Araújo; D Otelea; S Paraschiv; A M Tudor; R Cernat; C Chiriac; F Dumitrescu; L J Prisecariu; M Stanojevic; Dj Jevtovic; D Salemovic; D Stanekova; M Habekova; Z Chabadová; T Drobkova; P Bukovinova; A Shunnar; P Truska; M Poljak; M Lunar; D Babic; J Tomazic; L Vidmar; T Vovko; P Karner; F Garcia; R Paredes; S Monge; S Moreno; J Del Amo; V Asensi; J L Sirvent; C de Mendoza; R Delgado; F Gutiérrez; J Berenguer; S Garcia-Bujalance; N Stella; I de Los Santos; J R Blanco; D Dalmau; M Rivero; F Segura; M J Pérez Elías; M Alvarez; N Chueca; C Rodríguez-Martín; C Vidal; J C Palomares; I Viciana; P Viciana; J Cordoba; A Aguilera; P Domingo; M J Galindo; C Miralles; M A Del Pozo; E Ribera; J A Iribarren; L Ruiz; J de la Torre; F Vidal; B Clotet; J Albert; A Heidarian; K Aperia-Peipke; M Axelsson; M Mild; A Karlsson; A Sönnerborg; A Thalme; L Navér; G Bratt; A Karlsson; A Blaxhult; M Gisslén; B Svennerholm; I Bergbrant; P Björkman; C Säll; Å Mellgren; A Lindholm; N Kuylenstierna; R Montelius; F Azimi; B Johansson; M Carlsson; E Johansson; B Ljungberg; H Ekvall; A Strand; S Mäkitalo; S Öberg; P Holmblad; M Höfer; H Holmberg; P Josefson; U Ryding Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2015-11-29 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Lawrence Mbuagbaw; Carmen H Logie; Lehana Thabane; Fiona Smaill; Marek Smieja; Ann N Burchell; Beth Rachlis; Jean-Eric Tarride; Abigail Kroch; Tony Mazzulli; Elizabeth Alvarez; Daeria O Lawson; Francis Nguyen; Richard Perez; Hsien Seow Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-04-02 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Ann N Burchell; Ramandip Grewal; Vanessa G Allen; Sandra L Gardner; Veronika Moravan; Ahmed M Bayoumi; Rupert Kaul; Frank McGee; Margaret Peggy E Millson; Robert S Remis; Janet Raboud; Tony Mazzulli; Sean B Rourke Journal: Sex Transm Infect Date: 2014-09-01 Impact factor: 3.519