Switching off micturition using deep brain stimulation at midbrain sites.

Most of the time the bladder is locked in storage mode, switching to voiding only when it is judged safe and/or socially appropriate to urinate. Here we show, in humans and rodents, that deep brain stimulation in the periaqueductal gray matter can rapidly and reversibly manipulate switching within the micturition control circuitry, to defer voiding and maintain urinary continence, even when the bladder is full. Manipulation of neural continence pathways by deep brain stimulation may offer new avenues for the treatment of urinary incontinence of central origin.