BACKGROUND: Understanding of cardiac outflow tract (OFT) remodeling is essential to explain repositioning of the aorta and pulmonary orifice. In wild type embryos (E9.5-14.5), second heart field contribution (SHF) to the OFT was studied using expression patterns of Islet 1, Nkx2.5, MLC-2a, WT-1, and 3D-reconstructions. Abnormal remodeling was studied in VEGF120/120 embryos. RESULTS: In wild type, Islet 1 and Nkx2.5 positive myocardial precursors formed an asymmetric elongated column almost exclusively at the pulmonary side of the OFT up to the pulmonary orifice. In VEGF120/120 embryos, the Nkx2.5-positive mesenchymal population was disorganized with a short extension along the pulmonary OFT. CONCLUSIONS: We postulate that normally the pulmonary trunk and orifice are pushed in a higher and more frontal position relative to the aortic orifice by asymmetric addition of SHF-myocardium. Deficient or disorganized right ventricular OFT expansion might explain cardiac malformations with abnormal position of the great arteries, such as double outlet right ventricle.
BACKGROUND: Understanding of cardiac outflow tract (OFT) remodeling is essential to explain repositioning of the aorta and pulmonary orifice. In wild type embryos (E9.5-14.5), second heart field contribution (SHF) to the OFT was studied using expression patterns of Islet 1, Nkx2.5, MLC-2a, WT-1, and 3D-reconstructions. Abnormal remodeling was studied in VEGF120/120 embryos. RESULTS: In wild type, Islet 1 and Nkx2.5 positive myocardial precursors formed an asymmetric elongated column almost exclusively at the pulmonary side of the OFT up to the pulmonary orifice. In VEGF120/120 embryos, the Nkx2.5-positive mesenchymal population was disorganized with a short extension along the pulmonary OFT. CONCLUSIONS: We postulate that normally the pulmonary trunk and orifice are pushed in a higher and more frontal position relative to the aortic orifice by asymmetric addition of SHF-myocardium. Deficient or disorganized right ventricular OFT expansion might explain cardiac malformations with abnormal position of the great arteries, such as double outlet right ventricle.
Authors: Joshua C Peterson; Tim P Kelder; Marie José T H Goumans; Monique R M Jongbloed; Marco C DeRuiter Journal: J Cardiovasc Dev Dis Date: 2021-04-26
Authors: Ganga H Karunamuni; Shi Gu; Matthew R Ford; Lindsy M Peterson; Pei Ma; Yves T Wang; Andrew M Rollins; Michael W Jenkins; Michiko Watanabe Journal: Front Physiol Date: 2014-09-23 Impact factor: 4.566
Authors: Maria E Baardman; Mathijs V Zwier; Lambertus J Wisse; Adriana C Gittenberger-de Groot; Wilhelmina S Kerstjens-Frederikse; Robert M W Hofstra; Angelika Jurdzinski; Beerend P Hierck; Monique R M Jongbloed; Rolf M F Berger; Torsten Plösch; Marco C DeRuiter Journal: Dis Model Mech Date: 2016-01-28 Impact factor: 5.758