BACKGROUND: There is interest in whether a short course of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) at the time of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversion could induce long-term immunologic control after its interruption. We aimed to determine the time of virologic rebound after interruption of treatment initiated close to HIV seroconversion and to identify potential cases of posttreatment controllers (PTCs) in the CASCADE (Concerted Action on Seroconversion to AIDS and Death in Europe) Collaboration. METHODS: Prospective cohort study nested within the CASCADE database of routinely collected data about patients with HIV with well-estimated date of HIV seroconversion from Europe, Canada, and Australia in the post-cART era. Participants were individuals who interrupted successful cART initiated within 3 months of HIV seroconversion. The main outcome was loss of PTC status, defined as the earlier date of virologic rebound (first of 2 consecutive measurements showing HIV RNA levels >50 copies/mL) or reinitiation of any ART after cART interruption. RESULTS: Median time to loss of PTC status in 259 eligible individuals was 1.7 months. Eleven patients did not experience virologic rebound by 24 months after treatment interruption. CONCLUSION: Most patients experience virologic rebound soon after cART interruption; however, although PTCs are rare, the results of this study confirm their existence.
BACKGROUND: There is interest in whether a short course of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) at the time of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversion could induce long-term immunologic control after its interruption. We aimed to determine the time of virologic rebound after interruption of treatment initiated close to HIV seroconversion and to identify potential cases of posttreatment controllers (PTCs) in the CASCADE (Concerted Action on Seroconversion to AIDS and Death in Europe) Collaboration. METHODS: Prospective cohort study nested within the CASCADE database of routinely collected data about patients with HIV with well-estimated date of HIV seroconversion from Europe, Canada, and Australia in the post-cART era. Participants were individuals who interrupted successful cART initiated within 3 months of HIV seroconversion. The main outcome was loss of PTC status, defined as the earlier date of virologic rebound (first of 2 consecutive measurements showing HIV RNA levels >50 copies/mL) or reinitiation of any ART after cART interruption. RESULTS: Median time to loss of PTC status in 259 eligible individuals was 1.7 months. Eleven patients did not experience virologic rebound by 24 months after treatment interruption. CONCLUSION: Most patients experience virologic rebound soon after cART interruption; however, although PTCs are rare, the results of this study confirm their existence.
Authors: Janine Maenza; Kenneth Tapia; Sarah Holte; Joanne D Stekler; Claire E Stevens; James I Mullins; Ann C Collier Journal: Antivir Ther Date: 2015-04-23
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Authors: Francesco Marras; Anna Casabianca; Federica Bozzano; Maria Libera Ascierto; Chiara Orlandi; Antonio Di Biagio; Emanuele Pontali; Chiara Dentone; Giancarlo Orofino; Laura Nicolini; Lucia Taramasso; Mauro Magnani; Francesco M Marincola; Ena Wang; Lorenzo Moretta; Andrea De Maria Journal: J Virol Date: 2017-11-14 Impact factor: 5.103
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