Gianpaolo Tessari1, Giampiero Girolomoni. 1. Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. gianpaolo.tessari@ospedaleuniverona.it
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are the most frequently observed cancers in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) and may have a significant disease burden. OBJECTIVE: To provide an update regarding the epidemiology and management of NMSC in SOTR. RESULTS: Ten-year incidence rates range from 10% in Italy to 20% in Northern Europe to 70% in Australia. More than 50% of NMSC are located on sun-exposed areas (head, dorsum of hands). Many risk factors have been identified, including age at transplantation, fair skin, type of immunosuppressive drugs, cumulative sun exposure, viral infections, and various genetic markers. Patients with a first NMSC have a 49 times higher risk of developing a subsequent NMSC. Skin self-examination and photoprotection should be encouraged in all transplanted patients. Long-term skin surveillance, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of any suspicious lesion, reduction of immunosuppressive therapy, and conversion to m-TOR inhibitors can be also effective measures for reduction of NMSC incidence. CONCLUSIONS: NMSC is the most frequent cancer observed in SOTR. Early diagnosis, patient education, and modification of immunosuppression are effective measures for reduction of NMSC incidence.
BACKGROUND:Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are the most frequently observed cancers in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) and may have a significant disease burden. OBJECTIVE: To provide an update regarding the epidemiology and management of NMSC in SOTR. RESULTS: Ten-year incidence rates range from 10% in Italy to 20% in Northern Europe to 70% in Australia. More than 50% of NMSC are located on sun-exposed areas (head, dorsum of hands). Many risk factors have been identified, including age at transplantation, fair skin, type of immunosuppressive drugs, cumulative sun exposure, viral infections, and various genetic markers. Patients with a first NMSC have a 49 times higher risk of developing a subsequent NMSC. Skin self-examination and photoprotection should be encouraged in all transplanted patients. Long-term skin surveillance, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of any suspicious lesion, reduction of immunosuppressive therapy, and conversion to m-TOR inhibitors can be also effective measures for reduction of NMSC incidence. CONCLUSIONS: NMSC is the most frequent cancer observed in SOTR. Early diagnosis, patient education, and modification of immunosuppression are effective measures for reduction of NMSC incidence.
Authors: Frank I Scott; Ronac Mamtani; Colleen M Brensinger; Kevin Haynes; Zelma C Chiesa-Fuxench; Jie Zhang; Lang Chen; Fenglong Xie; Huifeng Yun; Mark T Osterman; Timothy Beukelman; David J Margolis; Jeffrey R Curtis; James D Lewis Journal: JAMA Dermatol Date: 2016-02 Impact factor: 10.282
Authors: Lee Wheless; Sarah Jacks; Kathryn Anne Mooneyham Potter; Brian C Leach; Joel Cook Journal: J Am Acad Dermatol Date: 2014-04-13 Impact factor: 11.527
Authors: Nadja Angela Stenz; Susanne Stampf; Andreas W Arnold; Antonio Cozzio; Michael Dickenmann; Olivier Gaide; Mirjam Harms; Robert E Hunger; Emmanuel Laffitte; Michael Mühlstädt; Mirjam Nägeli; Günther F L Hofbauer Journal: Dermatology Date: 2020-11-23 Impact factor: 5.366