BACKGROUND: Infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) are at increased risk for metabolic complications. Type 1 and some type 2 diabetic patients have elevated levels of the ketone bodies acetoacetate (AA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine how hyperketonemia in diabetic mothers affects markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in their offspring. METHODS: Blood was obtained from 23 diabetic mothers and 13 healthy mothers and their infants' umbilical cords at delivery. Interleukin-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and protein carbonyl (protein oxidation) levels were determined by ELISA. U937 human monocyte cell culture was used to examine the effect of AA and BHB on secretion of MCP-1. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the levels of AA in cord blood of IDMs compared with cord blood of infants of healthy mothers. A significant increase in the levels of protein oxidation (p < 0.05) and MCP-1 levels (p < 0.05) was observed in the cord blood of IDMs. The level of MCP-1 correlated significantly (r = 0.51, p = 0.01) with the concentration of AA in the IDMs. In further experiments with cultured monocytes treated with exogenous AA (0-4 mM), a significant increase in MCP-1 secretion was observed in AA- but not BHB-treated monocytes. CONCLUSION: Blood levels of AA and MCP-1 are elevated in IDMs, which may contribute to the development of the metabolic complications seen in IDMs.
BACKGROUND:Infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) are at increased risk for metabolic complications. Type 1 and some type 2 diabeticpatients have elevated levels of the ketone bodies acetoacetate (AA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine how hyperketonemia in diabetic mothers affects markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in their offspring. METHODS: Blood was obtained from 23 diabetic mothers and 13 healthy mothers and their infants' umbilical cords at delivery. Interleukin-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and protein carbonyl (protein oxidation) levels were determined by ELISA. U937human monocyte cell culture was used to examine the effect of AA and BHB on secretion of MCP-1. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the levels of AA in cord blood of IDMs compared with cord blood of infants of healthy mothers. A significant increase in the levels of protein oxidation (p < 0.05) and MCP-1 levels (p < 0.05) was observed in the cord blood of IDMs. The level of MCP-1 correlated significantly (r = 0.51, p = 0.01) with the concentration of AA in the IDMs. In further experiments with cultured monocytes treated with exogenous AA (0-4 mM), a significant increase in MCP-1 secretion was observed in AA- but not BHB-treated monocytes. CONCLUSION: Blood levels of AA and MCP-1 are elevated in IDMs, which may contribute to the development of the metabolic complications seen in IDMs.
Authors: J Dahlgren; C Nilsson; E Jennische; H P Ho; E Eriksson; A Niklasson; P Björntorp; K Albertsson Wikland; A Holmäng Journal: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Date: 2001-08 Impact factor: 4.310
Authors: Sushil K Jain; Krishnaswamy Kannan; Gideon Lim; Janice Matthews-Greer; Robert McVie; Joseph A Bocchini Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2003-07 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Sarah Price; Alison Nankervis; Michael Permezel; Luke Prendergast; Priya Sumithran; Joseph Proietto Journal: Trials Date: 2018-04-24 Impact factor: 2.279