OBJECTIVE: This systematic review evaluated the existence of risk factors for the fetal manifestation of long QT syndrome (LQTS). METHODS: Prenatal cardiac findings suggestive of fetal LQTS were studied using 30 English literature reports extracted from the Pubmed database (1979 to December 2011) using the search terms 'long QT syndrome', 'fetal arrhythmia' and 'congenital heart disease'. RESULTS: LQTS accounted for 15-17% of fetal bradycardias <110 bpm among fetuses with a normally structured heart. Of the patients with significant prenatal findings of LQTS, 17-35% exhibited a reduced baseline fetal heart rate (FHR) of 110-120 bpm on electronic cardiotocography. Other prenatal signs were sinus or intermittent bradycardia <110 bpm arising from atrioventricular block, tachyarrhythmias, pleural effusion and hydrops. More than 30% of Japanese infants with LQTS born at or after the mid-1980s exhibited the above-mentioned in utero signs. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal factors including a slightly reduced baseline FHR of 110-120 bpm, bradycardia <110 bpm, tachyarrhythmias or clinical signs of heart failure, such as pleural effusion and hydrops, were associated with a higher frequency of LQTS. The use of these signs may help to increase the perinatal diagnosis of LQTS.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review evaluated the existence of risk factors for the fetal manifestation of long QT syndrome (LQTS). METHODS: Prenatal cardiac findings suggestive of fetal LQTS were studied using 30 English literature reports extracted from the Pubmed database (1979 to December 2011) using the search terms 'long QT syndrome', 'fetal arrhythmia' and 'congenital heart disease'. RESULTS: LQTS accounted for 15-17% of fetal bradycardias <110 bpm among fetuses with a normally structured heart. Of the patients with significant prenatal findings of LQTS, 17-35% exhibited a reduced baseline fetal heart rate (FHR) of 110-120 bpm on electronic cardiotocography. Other prenatal signs were sinus or intermittent bradycardia <110 bpm arising from atrioventricular block, tachyarrhythmias, pleural effusion and hydrops. More than 30% of Japanese infants with LQTS born at or after the mid-1980s exhibited the above-mentioned in utero signs. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal factors including a slightly reduced baseline FHR of 110-120 bpm, bradycardia <110 bpm, tachyarrhythmias or clinical signs of heart failure, such as pleural effusion and hydrops, were associated with a higher frequency of LQTS. The use of these signs may help to increase the perinatal diagnosis of LQTS.
Authors: Lia Crotti; David J Tester; Wendy M White; Daniel C Bartos; Roberto Insolia; Alessandra Besana; Jennifer D Kunic; Melissa L Will; Ellyn J Velasco; Jennifer J Bair; Alice Ghidoni; Irene Cetin; Daniel L Van Dyke; Myra J Wick; Brian Brost; Brian P Delisle; Fabio Facchinetti; Alfred L George; Peter J Schwartz; Michael J Ackerman Journal: JAMA Date: 2013-04-10 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Ellika Sahlin; Anna Gréen; Peter Gustavsson; Agne Liedén; Magnus Nordenskjöld; Nikos Papadogiannakis; Karin Pettersson; Daniel Nilsson; Jon Jonasson; Erik Iwarsson Journal: PLoS One Date: 2019-01-07 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Heba Shawer; Esther Aiyelaagbe; Christopher Clowes; Samantha C Lean; Yinhui Lu; Karl E Kadler; Alan Kerby; Mark R Dilworth; Kathryn E Hentges; Alexander E P Heazell Journal: PLoS One Date: 2020-06-03 Impact factor: 3.240