OBJECTIVES: Studies of individual inflammatory responses to exposure to air pollution are few but are important in defining the most sensitive markers in better understanding pathophysiological pathways in the lung. The goal of this study was to assess whether exposure to airborne particles is associated with oxidative stress in an epidemiological setting. METHODS: The authors assessed exposure to particulate matter air pollution in four European cities in relation to levels of nitrite plus nitrate (NOx) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) measurements in 133 subjects with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using an EBC capture method developed for field use. In each subject, three measurements were collected. Exposure measurements included particles smaller than 10 μm (PM(10)), smaller than 2.5 μm (PM(2.5)) and particle number counts at a central site, outdoors near the subject's home and indoors. RESULTS: There were positive and significant relationships between EBC NOx and coarse particles at the central sampling sites (increase of 20.4% (95% CI 6.1% to 36.6%) per 10 μg/m(3) increase of coarse particles of the previous day) but not between EBC NOx and other particle measures. Associations tended to be stronger in subjects not taking steroid medication. CONCLUSIONS: An association was found between exposure to ambient coarse particles at central sites and EBC NOx, a marker of oxidative stress. The lack of association between PM measures more indicative of personal exposures (particularly indoor exposure) means interpretation should be cautious. However, EBC NOx may prove to be a marker of PM-induced oxidative stress in epidemiological studies.
OBJECTIVES: Studies of individual inflammatory responses to exposure to air pollution are few but are important in defining the most sensitive markers in better understanding pathophysiological pathways in the lung. The goal of this study was to assess whether exposure to airborne particles is associated with oxidative stress in an epidemiological setting. METHODS: The authors assessed exposure to particulate matter air pollution in four European cities in relation to levels of nitrite plus nitrate (NOx) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) measurements in 133 subjects with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using an EBC capture method developed for field use. In each subject, three measurements were collected. Exposure measurements included particles smaller than 10 μm (PM(10)), smaller than 2.5 μm (PM(2.5)) and particle number counts at a central site, outdoors near the subject's home and indoors. RESULTS: There were positive and significant relationships between EBC NOx and coarse particles at the central sampling sites (increase of 20.4% (95% CI 6.1% to 36.6%) per 10 μg/m(3) increase of coarse particles of the previous day) but not between EBC NOx and other particle measures. Associations tended to be stronger in subjects not taking steroid medication. CONCLUSIONS: An association was found between exposure to ambient coarse particles at central sites and EBC NOx, a marker of oxidative stress. The lack of association between PM measures more indicative of personal exposures (particularly indoor exposure) means interpretation should be cautious. However, EBC NOx may prove to be a marker of PM-induced oxidative stress in epidemiological studies.
Authors: Janet G Shaw; Annalicia Vaughan; Annette G Dent; Phoebe E O'Hare; Felicia Goh; Rayleen V Bowman; Kwun M Fong; Ian A Yang Journal: J Thorac Dis Date: 2014-11 Impact factor: 2.895
Authors: Cheryl Pirozzi; Anne Sturrock; Hsin-Yi Weng; Tom Greene; Mary Beth Scholand; Richard Kanner; Robert Paine Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2015-05-12 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Karin van Veldhoven; Agneta Kiss; Pekka Keski-Rahkonen; Nivonirina Robinot; Augustin Scalbert; Paul Cullinan; Kian Fan Chung; Peter Collins; Rudy Sinharay; Benjamin M Barratt; Mark Nieuwenhuijsen; Albert Ambros Rodoreda; Glòria Carrasco-Turigas; Jelle Vlaanderen; Roel Vermeulen; Lützen Portengen; Soterios A Kyrtopoulos; Erica Ponzi; Marc Chadeau-Hyam; Paolo Vineis Journal: Environ Int Date: 2018-12-03 Impact factor: 9.621
Authors: Anna Karakatsani; Antonis Analitis; Dimitra Perifanou; Jon G Ayres; Roy M Harrison; Anastasia Kotronarou; Ilias G Kavouras; Juha Pekkanen; Kaarle Hämeri; Gerard Pa Kos; Jeroen J de Hartog; Gerard Hoek; Klea Katsouyanni Journal: Environ Health Date: 2012-10-05 Impact factor: 5.984