OBJECTIVE: This study measured distortions of memory during short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) versions of a semantically associated word list learning paradigm. Performance of patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD; MMSE ≥16) was compared with performance of age-matched, healthy older adult participants. METHOD: In a STM version of the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task, participants viewed four-word lists and were prompted for recall after a brief interval. The LTM task tested recall memory for 12-word lists. RESULTS: Compared with the healthy group, the AD participants show greater impairment on the LTM task than on the STM task, although veridical recall is significantly reduced on both tasks. Furthermore, on both memory tasks, (1) participants with AD generate more nonsemantic intrusions than healthy older adult participants, and (2) semantic intrusion rate, when computed as a proportion of total recall, does not differ between groups. Notably, nonsemantic intrusions are consistently high for AD participants across both STM and LTM despite a marked difference in recall accuracy (65% and 23%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: STM impairment with some preserved semantic processing is evident in AD. The extent and variety of intrusions reported by AD participants indicates a breakdown in their ability to monitor and constrain their recall responses, even within seconds of initial learning.
OBJECTIVE: This study measured distortions of memory during short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) versions of a semantically associated word list learning paradigm. Performance of patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD; MMSE ≥16) was compared with performance of age-matched, healthy older adult participants. METHOD: In a STM version of the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task, participants viewed four-word lists and were prompted for recall after a brief interval. The LTM task tested recall memory for 12-word lists. RESULTS: Compared with the healthy group, the ADparticipants show greater impairment on the LTM task than on the STM task, although veridical recall is significantly reduced on both tasks. Furthermore, on both memory tasks, (1) participants with AD generate more nonsemantic intrusions than healthy older adult participants, and (2) semantic intrusion rate, when computed as a proportion of total recall, does not differ between groups. Notably, nonsemantic intrusions are consistently high for ADparticipants across both STM and LTM despite a marked difference in recall accuracy (65% and 23%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: STM impairment with some preserved semantic processing is evident in AD. The extent and variety of intrusions reported by ADparticipants indicates a breakdown in their ability to monitor and constrain their recall responses, even within seconds of initial learning.
Authors: Andrew E Budson; Jon S Simons; Alison L Sullivan; Jonathan S Beier; Paul R Solomon; Leonard F Scinto; Kirk R Daffner; Daniel L Schacter Journal: Neuropsychology Date: 2004-04 Impact factor: 3.295
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Authors: Francesco Bogliacino; Gianluca Grimalda; Pietro Ortoleva; Patrick Ring Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2017-07-24 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Maureen K O'Connor; Rebecca G Deason; Erin Reynolds; Michael J Tat; Sean Flannery; Paul R Solomon; Elizabeth A Vassey; Andrew E Budson Journal: Neuropsychology Date: 2015-04-20 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: David A Loewenstein; Rosie E Curiel; Steven DeKosky; Russell M Bauer; Monica Rosselli; Salvador M Guinjoan; Malek Adjouadi; Ailyn Peñate; William W Barker; Sindy Goenaga; Todd Golde; Maria T Greig-Custo; Kevin S Hanson; Chunfei Li; Gabriel Lizarraga; Michael Marsiske; Ranjan Duara Journal: Neurology Date: 2018-08-03 Impact factor: 9.910