BACKGROUND: Hispanics in the United States represent diverse racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups, and manifest heterogeneous cardiovascular risks including diabetes. It is not known if there are residual differences in the control of diabetes among Hispanic groups given uniform access to diabetes care. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate glucose control differences among Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Dominicans receiving substantial diabetes care and support in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial comparing two treatment strategies: intensive, targeting glycated hemoglobin below 6.0 %, and standard, targeting glycated hemoglobin between 7.0 % and 7.9 %. PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred and sixteen Hispanic and 6066 non-Hispanic white participants were recruited from 77 clinical sites across the United States and Canada. There were 243 Mexicans, 199 Puerto Ricans, and 150 Dominicans; and 135 of these Hispanic groups were born in the United States. MAIN MEASURE: Glycated hemoglobin RESULTS: Compared to Puerto Ricans, Mexicans were more likely (HR=1.38, CI:0.90-2.10) and Dominicans as likely (HR=1.01, CI:0.66-1.54) to achieve glycated hemoglobin goal in the intensive arm. Participants born in the United States achieved glycated hemoglobin goal at a higher rate than those born elsewhere (HR=1.57, CI:0.99-2.51 in the intensive arm, HR=1.51, CI:0.95-2.43 in the standard arm). These differences were not statistically significant. In the intensive arm, Puerto Ricans (OR=0.47, CI:0.31-0.71), and Dominicans (OR=0.41, CI:0.26-0.66) were less likely than non-Hispanic whites to achieve glycated hemoglobin goal, whereas the difference between non-Hispanic whites and Mexicans was not statistically significant, (OR=0.66, CI:0.43-1.02). CONCLUSIONS: Hispanic groups, given access to comprehensive diabetes care, differed from each other non-significantly and had a variable divergence from non-Hispanic whites in achieving intensive glycated hemoglobin goal. These differences, if confirmed, could be due to such factors as variable acculturation and functional health literacy levels that were not measured in the ACCORD trial, but should be further explored in future studies.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Hispanics in the United States represent diverse racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups, and manifest heterogeneous cardiovascular risks including diabetes. It is not known if there are residual differences in the control of diabetes among Hispanic groups given uniform access to diabetes care. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate glucose control differences among Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Dominicans receiving substantial diabetes care and support in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial comparing two treatment strategies: intensive, targeting glycated hemoglobin below 6.0 %, and standard, targeting glycated hemoglobin between 7.0 % and 7.9 %. PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred and sixteen Hispanic and 6066 non-Hispanic white participants were recruited from 77 clinical sites across the United States and Canada. There were 243 Mexicans, 199 Puerto Ricans, and 150 Dominicans; and 135 of these Hispanic groups were born in the United States. MAIN MEASURE: Glycated hemoglobin RESULTS: Compared to Puerto Ricans, Mexicans were more likely (HR=1.38, CI:0.90-2.10) and Dominicans as likely (HR=1.01, CI:0.66-1.54) to achieve glycated hemoglobin goal in the intensive arm. Participants born in the United States achieved glycated hemoglobin goal at a higher rate than those born elsewhere (HR=1.57, CI:0.99-2.51 in the intensive arm, HR=1.51, CI:0.95-2.43 in the standard arm). These differences were not statistically significant. In the intensive arm, Puerto Ricans (OR=0.47, CI:0.31-0.71), and Dominicans (OR=0.41, CI:0.26-0.66) were less likely than non-Hispanic whites to achieve glycated hemoglobin goal, whereas the difference between non-Hispanic whites and Mexicans was not statistically significant, (OR=0.66, CI:0.43-1.02). CONCLUSIONS: Hispanic groups, given access to comprehensive diabetes care, differed from each other non-significantly and had a variable divergence from non-Hispanic whites in achieving intensive glycated hemoglobin goal. These differences, if confirmed, could be due to such factors as variable acculturation and functional health literacy levels that were not measured in the ACCORD trial, but should be further explored in future studies.
Authors: Faramarz Ismail-Beigi; Timothy Craven; Mary Ann Banerji; Jan Basile; Jorge Calles; Robert M Cohen; Robert Cuddihy; William C Cushman; Saul Genuth; Richard H Grimm; Bruce P Hamilton; Byron Hoogwerf; Diane Karl; Lois Katz; Armand Krikorian; Patrick O'Connor; Rodica Pop-Busui; Ulrich Schubart; Debra Simmons; Harris Taylor; Abraham Thomas; Daniel Weiss; Irene Hramiak Journal: Lancet Date: 2010-06-30 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Hertzel C Gerstein; Michael E Miller; Saul Genuth; Faramarz Ismail-Beigi; John B Buse; David C Goff; Jeffrey L Probstfield; William C Cushman; Henry N Ginsberg; J Thomas Bigger; Richard H Grimm; Robert P Byington; Yves D Rosenberg; William T Friedewald Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2011-03-03 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Emily Y Chew; Walter T Ambrosius; Matthew D Davis; Ronald P Danis; Sapna Gangaputra; Craig M Greven; Larry Hubbard; Barbara A Esser; James F Lovato; Letitia H Perdue; David C Goff; William C Cushman; Henry N Ginsberg; Marshall B Elam; Saul Genuth; Hertzel C Gerstein; Ulrich Schubart; Lawrence J Fine Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2010-06-29 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: J A Gazmararian; D W Baker; M V Williams; R M Parker; T L Scott; D C Green; S N Fehrenbach; J Ren; J P Koplan Journal: JAMA Date: 1999-02-10 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: K M Flegal; T M Ezzati; M I Harris; S G Haynes; R Z Juarez; W C Knowler; E J Perez-Stable; M P Stern Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 1991-07 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Jaime A Davidson; Aracely Rosales; Alicia C Shillington; Robert A Bailey; Chris Kabir; Guillermo E Umpierrez Journal: Patient Prefer Adherence Date: 2015-04-30 Impact factor: 2.711