Facial filler and neurotoxin complications.

Botulinum neuromodulators and injectable dermal fillers have become part of the armamentarium in the treatment of facial aging. Their successful use requires a fundamental knowledge of anatomy and physiology and a sound understanding of their risks and complications. Although neuromodulators and fillers continue to demonstrate a strong record of safety, several notable risks exist. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.