The successful use of octreotide in the treatment of traumatic chylothorax.

Chylothorax is a well-documented complication of thoracic trauma and is associated with mortality rates of up to 75%. The conservative treatment of chylothorax includes pleural drainage and a low-fat diet rich in medium-chain fatty acids, followed by total parenteral nutrition and nothing by mouth. If these measures fail and drainage continues to exceed 1 L/d, surgical thoracic duct ligation is usually recommended. However, many patients are unable to undergo this surgical procedure and require an alternative treatment. We present the cases of 2 adult patients, one of whom developed chylothorax after an elective surgical procedure, and the other after a traffic accident that caused multiple injuries. In both patients, conservative management with the addition of octreotide was successful and negated the need for surgical intervention.