OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate cardiovascular function in children who were small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective study including 100 controls and 50 children diagnosed in utero as SGA after 34 weeks subdivided into the following categories: SGA and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) according to the absence or presence, respectively, of weight centile less than 3 or abnormal cerebroplacental Doppler. Postnatal cardiovascular outcome was evaluated at 3-6 years of age by echocardiography, blood pressure, and carotid ultrasound. RESULTS: Both SGA and IUGR presented in childhood more globular hearts, reduced longitudinal motion, and impaired relaxation with an increase in radial function. Both groups showed increased blood pressure and carotid intima-media thickness. There was a linear tendency to worse cardiovascular results in IUGR as compared with SGA. CONCLUSION: Fetal cardiovascular programming occurs in SGA, regardless of Doppler and weight centile. These findings challenge the concept of constitutionally small and warrant further investigation to identify predictors of cardiovascular outcome in SGA.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate cardiovascular function in children who were small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective study including 100 controls and 50 children diagnosed in utero as SGA after 34 weeks subdivided into the following categories: SGA and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) according to the absence or presence, respectively, of weight centile less than 3 or abnormal cerebroplacental Doppler. Postnatal cardiovascular outcome was evaluated at 3-6 years of age by echocardiography, blood pressure, and carotid ultrasound. RESULTS: Both SGA and IUGR presented in childhood more globular hearts, reduced longitudinal motion, and impaired relaxation with an increase in radial function. Both groups showed increased blood pressure and carotid intima-media thickness. There was a linear tendency to worse cardiovascular results in IUGR as compared with SGA. CONCLUSION: Fetal cardiovascular programming occurs in SGA, regardless of Doppler and weight centile. These findings challenge the concept of constitutionally small and warrant further investigation to identify predictors of cardiovascular outcome in SGA.
Authors: Nir Melamed; Ahmet Baschat; Yoav Yinon; Apostolos Athanasiadis; Federico Mecacci; Francesc Figueras; Vincenzo Berghella; Amala Nazareth; Muna Tahlak; H David McIntyre; Fabrício Da Silva Costa; Anne B Kihara; Eran Hadar; Fionnuala McAuliffe; Mark Hanson; Ronald C Ma; Rachel Gooden; Eyal Sheiner; Anil Kapur; Hema Divakar; Diogo Ayres-de-Campos; Liran Hiersch; Liona C Poon; John Kingdom; Roberto Romero; Moshe Hod Journal: Int J Gynaecol Obstet Date: 2021-03 Impact factor: 3.561
Authors: Lena Braginsky; Steven J Weiner; George R Saade; Michael W Varner; Sean C Blackwell; Uma M Reddy; John M Thorp; Alan T N Tita; Russell S Miller; David S McKenna; Edward K S Chien; Dwight J Rouse; Yasser Y El-Sayed; Yoram Sorokin; Steve N Caritis Journal: Am J Perinatol Date: 2021-08-31 Impact factor: 1.862
Authors: Laura E Coats; Bhavisha A Bakrania; Daniel R Bamrick-Fernandez; Allison M Ariatti; Adam Z Rawls; Norma B Ojeda; Barbara T Alexander Journal: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Date: 2021-03-19 Impact factor: 4.733