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Literature DB >> 22716045

Levamisole-induced occlusive necrotising vasculitis in cocaine abusers: an unusual cause of skin necrosis and neutropenia.

Cassius D Belfonte¹, Victoria K Shanmugam, Nicole Kieffer, Shodeinde Coker, Suelyn Boucree, Gail Kerr.

Abstract

We present three cases describing the various skin manifestations of presumed levamisole-contaminated cocaine use. Antibody-mediated vasculitis and neutropenia were consistent findings in these cases and repeat exposure resulted in distinct dermatologic complications. This phenomenon of levamisole-induced vasculitis and neutropenia is being increasingly described and has characteristic wound manifestations that must be recognised and treated early.

Entities: Chemical Disease Gene Species

Keywords: Cocaine; Leukocytoclastic; Levamisole; p-ANCA; Vasculitis

Mesh：

Substances：

Year: 2012 PMID： 22716045 PMCID： PMC3755048 DOI： 10.1111/j.1742-481X.2012.01027.x

Source DB: PubMed Journal: Int Wound J ISSN： 1742-4801 Impact factor: 3.315

49 in total

1. Cocaine-related Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Authors: G F Hofbauer; G Burg; F O Nestle
Journal: Dermatology Date: 2000 Impact factor: 5.366

2. Bilateral necrosis of earlobes and cheeks: another complication of cocaine contaminated with levamisole.

Authors: Mark Bradford; Brian Rosenberg; Jorge Moreno; Ghinwa Dumyati
Journal: Ann Intern Med Date: 2010-06-01 Impact factor: 25.391

3. [A patient with both cocaine-induced nasal septum destruction and antibodies against anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA); potential confusion with Wegener's disease].

Authors: S Simsek; A T Rowshani
Journal: Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd Date: 2008-01-12

4. Cocaine-induced midline destructive lesion.

Authors: C Angit; M T Dabrowski; C M Owen
Journal: Clin Exp Dermatol Date: 2009-10 Impact factor: 3.470

5. Prevalence of levamisole in urine toxicology screens positive for cocaine in an inner-city hospital.

Authors: Jennie A Buchanan; Kennon Heard; Cynthia Burbach; Michael L Wilson; Richard Dart
Journal: JAMA Date: 2011-04-27 Impact factor: 56.272

6. A case of levamisole-induced systemic vasculitis and cocaine-induced midline destructive lesion: a case report.

Authors: Nicholas A Zwang; Lisa B Van Wagner; Shawn Rose
Journal: J Clin Rheumatol Date: 2011-06 Impact factor: 3.517

Review 7. Immune-mediated agranulocytosis caused by the cocaine adulterant levamisole: a case for reactive metabolite(s) involvement.

Authors: Angela Wolford; Thomas S McDonald; Heather Eng; Steven Hansel; Yue Chen; Jonathan Bauman; Raman Sharma; Amit S Kalgutkar
Journal: Drug Metab Dispos Date: 2012-03-05 Impact factor: 3.922

Levamisole-induced occlusive necrotising vasculitis in cocaine abusers: an unusual cause of skin necrosis and neutropenia.

1. Cocaine-related Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

2. Bilateral necrosis of earlobes and cheeks: another complication of cocaine contaminated with levamisole.

3. [A patient with both cocaine-induced nasal septum destruction and antibodies against anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA); potential confusion with Wegener's disease].

4. Cocaine-induced midline destructive lesion.

5. Prevalence of levamisole in urine toxicology screens positive for cocaine in an inner-city hospital.

6. A case of levamisole-induced systemic vasculitis and cocaine-induced midline destructive lesion: a case report.

Review 7. Immune-mediated agranulocytosis caused by the cocaine adulterant levamisole: a case for reactive metabolite(s) involvement.

8. Agranulocytosis, levamisole, and HLA-B27.

9. Necrotizing peripheral vasculitis/vasculopathy following the use of cocaine laced with levamisole.

10. Complications of cancer immunotherapy with levamisole.

1. Levamisole-adulterated cocaine induced skin necrosis of nose, ears, and extremities: Case report.