Identification of sequence polymorphisms in the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA as a risk factor for lung cancer.

Accumulation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the displacement loop (D-loop) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may be associated with an increased cancer risk. We investigated the lung cancer risk profile of D-loop SNPs in a case-controlled study. The minor alleles of nucleotides 235A/G and 324A/G were associated with an increased risk for lung cancer patients. The minor alleles of the nucleotides 151C/T, 200A/G, 524C/CA, and 16274G/A were specifically associated with the cancer risk of squamous cell carcinoma, whereas the minor allele of nucleotide 16298T/C was specifically associated with the risk of small cell lung cancer. In conclusion, SNPs in mtDNA are potential modifiers of lung cancer risk. The analysis of genetic polymorphisms in the mitochondrial D-loop can help identify subgroups of patients who are at a high risk of developing lung cancer.