PAX2 in 192 Chinese women with Müllerian duct abnormalities: mutation analysis.

The paired box gene 2 (PAX2) has been proven to be a crucial gene during organogenesis of the urogenital system in mice models. This study was aimed to explore the relationship between PAX2 mutations and human Müllerian duct abnormalities (MDA). A total of 192 Chinese MDA patients (15 cases of uterine aplasia and 177 of incomplete Müllerian fusion) and 192 ethnic-matched controls were recruited from 2009 to 2011. Coding regions of PAX2 of MDA cases were amplified and sequenced. One rare novel synonymous variant (c.320G>A) was discovered in one patient with uterus didelphys, whereas this variant was not found in the control group. Mutations in PAX2 may be not a common cause of MDA.