Migraine and small vessel diseases.

It is remarkable that migraine is a prominent part of the phenotype of several genetic vasculopathies affecting small cerebral vessels, including cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukodystrophy and hereditary infantile hemiparesis, retinal arteriolar tortuosity and leucoencephalopathy. Moreover, several studies have reported an association between migraine and white matter lesions or clinically silent infarct-like abnormalities in the posterior circulation. In this review, we focus on genetic vasculopathies associated with migraine and speculate about the pathophysiological mechanism that can explain this comorbidity.