Cynthia D Tsien1, Rania Rabie, Florence Wong. 1. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis with ascites is a well-defined entity with significant morbidity and mortality. It is unclear whether milder degrees of acute kidney injury (AKI), defined as a serum creatinine increase of over 26.4 μmol/l (0.3 mg/dl) or by 50% from baseline, also has a negative impact on patient outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of AKI in cirrhosis with ascites and the impact of AKI on patient outcomes. DESIGN: Patients with cirrhosis with ascites and baseline serum creatinine less than 110 μmol/l, and no evidence of structural renal disease, prospectively underwent 4-6-weekly blood work-up for full blood count, biochemistry and liver function. Clinical assessments occurred every 4 months for the development of AKI and other complications. RESULTS: 90 patients (mean age 55.8 ± 0.8 years) with a mean follow-up of 14.05 ± 1.07 months were enrolled. 82 episodes of AKI occurred in 49 patients, with the majority of episodes precipitated by a disturbance in systemic haemodynamics. The mean peak serum creatinine of the AKI episodes was within the laboratory's normal range. 73 episodes of AKI resolved; nine did not. There was no clear clinical predictor for the development or resolution of AKI. Despite resolution of most AKI episodes, a gradual and significant increase in serum creatinine and a gradual reduction in mean arterial pressure were observed during follow-up, associated with a significant reduction in survival compared with non-AKI patients. CONCLUSION: Minor increases in serum creatinine are clinically relevant and can adversely affect survival. Every effort should be made to avoid precipitation of AKI in cirrhosis and ascites.
BACKGROUND:Hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis with ascites is a well-defined entity with significant morbidity and mortality. It is unclear whether milder degrees of acute kidney injury (AKI), defined as a serum creatinine increase of over 26.4 μmol/l (0.3 mg/dl) or by 50% from baseline, also has a negative impact on patient outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of AKI in cirrhosis with ascites and the impact of AKI on patient outcomes. DESIGN:Patients with cirrhosis with ascites and baseline serum creatinine less than 110 μmol/l, and no evidence of structural renal disease, prospectively underwent 4-6-weekly blood work-up for full blood count, biochemistry and liver function. Clinical assessments occurred every 4 months for the development of AKI and other complications. RESULTS: 90 patients (mean age 55.8 ± 0.8 years) with a mean follow-up of 14.05 ± 1.07 months were enrolled. 82 episodes of AKI occurred in 49 patients, with the majority of episodes precipitated by a disturbance in systemic haemodynamics. The mean peak serum creatinine of the AKI episodes was within the laboratory's normal range. 73 episodes of AKI resolved; nine did not. There was no clear clinical predictor for the development or resolution of AKI. Despite resolution of most AKI episodes, a gradual and significant increase in serum creatinine and a gradual reduction in mean arterial pressure were observed during follow-up, associated with a significant reduction in survival compared with non-AKI patients. CONCLUSION: Minor increases in serum creatinine are clinically relevant and can adversely affect survival. Every effort should be made to avoid precipitation of AKI in cirrhosis and ascites.
Authors: Florence Wong; Jacqueline G O'Leary; K Rajender Reddy; Heather Patton; Patrick S Kamath; Michael B Fallon; Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao; Ram M Subramanian; Raza Malik; Benedict Maliakkal; Leroy R Thacker; Jasmohan S Bajaj Journal: Gastroenterology Date: 2013-08-30 Impact factor: 22.682
Authors: F Wong; J G O'Leary; K R Reddy; G Garcia-Tsao; M B Fallon; S W Biggins; R M Subramanian; P J Thuluvath; P S Kamath; H Patton; B Maliakkal; P Tandon; H Vargas; L Thacker; J S Bajaj Journal: Am J Gastroenterol Date: 2017-04-25 Impact factor: 10.864