Recipient endothelium may relate to corneal clearance in descemet membrane endothelial transfer.

PURPOSE: To describe corneal clearance after re-endothelialization of the recipient posterior stroma through Descemet membrane endothelial transfer (DMET) (ie, a "free-floating" donor Descemet graft in the recipient anterior chamber after descemetorhexis), in managing corneal endothelial disorders.
DESIGN: Nonrandomized prospective study at a tertiary referral center.
METHODS: Twelve eyes enrolled in our study, 7 suffering from Fuchs endothelial dystrophy and 5 with bullous keratopathy. The clinical outcome was monitored by biomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography, confocal microscopy, endothelial cell density, and pachymetry measurements.
RESULTS: All eyes operated on for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy showed corneal clearance, with pachymetry values returning to normal (533 ±47 μm). The denuded recipient stroma re-endothelialized with an average endothelial cell density of 797 (± 743) cells/mm(2) at 6 months after surgery. In contrast, none of the bullous keratopathy eyes showed any improvement throughout the follow-up period.
CONCLUSION: DMET may be effective in the management of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (primarily a Descemet membrane disorder), but not in bullous keratopathy (primarily an endothelial depletion). Apparently, the indication for surgery (ie, a "dystrophy" vs a "depletion" of recipient endothelial cells) relates to the capacity of the cornea to clear. This suggests that the remaining rim of recipient endothelium (after descemetorhexis) is involved in the re-endothelialization of the recipient posterior stroma after DMET.