Resonance asymmetry induced bias errors in waveguide type optical passive resonator gyro.

We present an in-depth analysis of the resonance asymmetry in a silica waveguide ring resonator (WRR) and its influence on the waveguide-type optical passive resonator gyro (OPRG). A big bias error appears at the output of the OPRG. This big error is caused not only by the resonance asymmetry in the WRR, but also by the modulation parameters in the phase modulation spectroscopy technique (PMST). It has been proved that the bias error is proportional to the modulation frequency difference between the clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) lightwaves. Three types of resonance asymmetries are thoroughly introduced and discussed. Methods to overcome the big bias error are demonstrated. A high reciprocal resonator is crucial to reduce the bias error. For a certain resonator, a proper temperature needs to be set to minimize the resonance asymmetry. A proper modulation frequency difference between the CW and CCW lightwaves is also helpful to reduce the bias error.