OBJECTIVES: To compare bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of single doses of 3 different levodopa formulations given orally in healthy volunteers. Two marketed formulations, standard levodopa/carbidopa, 100/25 mg (LC-100), and dispersible levodopa/benserazide, 100/25 mg (LB-100), were used as reference formulations for a newly developed dispersible microtablet formulation of levodopa/carbidopa, 5/1.25 mg (LC-5). The microtablets are intended for individualized dosing of levodopa/carbidopa in Parkinson disease by means of an electronic dose dispenser with a built-in diary for symptom registration. METHODS: A single-dose, open, randomized, 3-way crossover study was performed in 19 healthy subjects. Concentrations of levodopa, carbidopa, and the metabolite 3-O-MD in plasma were determined after intake of 100 mg of levodopa, that is, one tablet of reference formulations and 20 microtablets of the new formulation. RESULTS: The LC-5 microtablets were bioequivalent to the LC-100 tablets in area under the curve (AUC) and maximum concentration in plasma (Cmax) for levodopa, and to the LB-100 tablets in AUC. The dispersible levodopa/benserazide formulation showed earlier time to Cmax and significantly higher Cmax for levodopa in plasma compared to the microtablets. Carbidopa showed larger interindividual variation in AUC and Cmax than levodopa, and the bioequivalence comparison LC-5/LC-100 for this compound did not reach the target. Nevertheless, comparison of 3-O-MD levels for LC-5/LC-100, assuming proportionality to levodopa levels, demonstrated bioequivalence. CONCLUSIONS: The new levodopa/carbidopa microtablets had a pharmacokinetic profile that would allow for a convenient switch of therapy from standard tablets. Frequent dose administration of levodopa/carbidopa microtablets with an electronic dose dispenser might offer an optimal oral drug delivery in Parkinson disease.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To compare bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of single doses of 3 different levodopa formulations given orally in healthy volunteers. Two marketed formulations, standard levodopa/carbidopa, 100/25 mg (LC-100), and dispersible levodopa/benserazide, 100/25 mg (LB-100), were used as reference formulations for a newly developed dispersible microtablet formulation of levodopa/carbidopa, 5/1.25 mg (LC-5). The microtablets are intended for individualized dosing of levodopa/carbidopa in Parkinson disease by means of an electronic dose dispenser with a built-in diary for symptom registration. METHODS: A single-dose, open, randomized, 3-way crossover study was performed in 19 healthy subjects. Concentrations of levodopa, carbidopa, and the metabolite 3-O-MD in plasma were determined after intake of 100 mg of levodopa, that is, one tablet of reference formulations and 20 microtablets of the new formulation. RESULTS: The LC-5 microtablets were bioequivalent to the LC-100 tablets in area under the curve (AUC) and maximum concentration in plasma (Cmax) for levodopa, and to the LB-100 tablets in AUC. The dispersible levodopa/benserazide formulation showed earlier time to Cmax and significantly higher Cmax for levodopa in plasma compared to the microtablets. Carbidopa showed larger interindividual variation in AUC and Cmax than levodopa, and the bioequivalence comparison LC-5/LC-100 for this compound did not reach the target. Nevertheless, comparison of 3-O-MD levels for LC-5/LC-100, assuming proportionality to levodopa levels, demonstrated bioequivalence. CONCLUSIONS: The new levodopa/carbidopa microtablets had a pharmacokinetic profile that would allow for a convenient switch of therapy from standard tablets. Frequent dose administration of levodopa/carbidopa microtablets with an electronic dose dispenser might offer an optimal oral drug delivery in Parkinson disease.
Authors: Dongni Johansson; Anders Ericsson; Anders Johansson; Alexander Medvedev; Dag Nyholm; Fredrik Ohlsson; Marina Senek; Jack Spira; Ilias Thomas; Jerker Westin; Filip Bergquist Journal: CNS Neurosci Ther Date: 2018-01-25 Impact factor: 5.243
Authors: Marina Senek; Sten-Magnus Aquilonius; Håkan Askmark; Filip Bergquist; Radu Constantinescu; Anders Ericsson; Sara Lycke; Alexander Medvedev; Mevludin Memedi; Fredrik Ohlsson; Jack Spira; Jerker Westin; Dag Nyholm Journal: Eur J Clin Pharmacol Date: 2017-01-18 Impact factor: 2.953