Vascular barrier protective effects of eckol and its derivatives.

In this Letter, we first investigated the barrier protective effects of eckol and its derivatives against pro-inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in mice. Data showed that eckol (1) and dieckol (2) inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated barrier disruption and transendothelial migration of leukocytes to human endothelial cells. Eckol (1) also suppressed acetic acid induced-hyperpermeability and carboxymethylcellulose-induced leukocytes migration in vivo. Interestingly, the barrier protective effects of dieckol (2) were better than those of eckol (1) and hydroxyl groups in dieckol (2) positively regulate protective effects.