Annotated type catalogue of the Bothriembryontidae and Odontostomidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London.

The type status is described for specimens of 84 taxa classified within the families Bothriembryontidae and Odontostomidae (superfamily Orthalicoidea) and kept in the Natural History Museum, London. Lectotypes are designated for Bulimus (Liparus) brazieri Angas, 1871; Bulimus broderipii Sowerby I, 1832; Bulimus fuligineus Pfeiffer, 1853; Helix guarani d'Orbigny, 1835; Bulimus (Tomigerus) ramagei E.A. Smith, 1890; Helix rhodinostoma d'Orbigny, 1835; Bulimus (Bulimulus) ridleyi E.A. Smith, 1890. The type status of the following taxa is changed to lectotype in accordance with Art. 74.6 ICZN: Placostylus (Euplacostylus) cylindricus Fulton, 1907; Bulimus pyrostomus Pfeiffer, 1860; Bulimus turneri Pfeiffer, 1860. The following taxon is synonymised: Bulimus oblitus Reeve, 1848 = Bahiensis neglectus (Pfeiffer, 1847).

Introduction and methods

This is the second paper on the types of Orthalicoidea in the Natural History Museum, London. An earlier paper (Breure and Ablett 2011) has presented the context of the collection, the criteria used for the selection of lectotypes, some biohistorical notes, and a list of type specimens belonging to the Amphibulimidae. The aim of this publication PageBreakis to supplement the earlier paper with data on the type specimens classified with the Bothriembryontidae and Odontostomidae (sensu Breure and Romero in press).

Abbreviations used for depositories of material are: ANSP, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, U.S.A.; MHNG, Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneve, Switserland; MNHN, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; MNHNM, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo, Uruguay; NHMUK, Natural History Museum, London, U.K.; RBINS, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; RMNH, Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands; SMF, Senckenberg Natur-Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; UF, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, U.S.A.; ZMB, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany. Other abbreviations used are: / end of line in cited text; coll., collection; D, diameter; H, shell height; leg., legit, collected; W, number of whorls. See Fig. 1 for the way measurements of the shell have been taken. Label styles in the Cuming collection (M.C.) are explained in Breure and Ablett (2011: 7–8, fig. 6).

Figure 1.

Way the measurements of shell height (H) and diameter (D) have been taken and whorls (W) have been counted.

Systematics

Systematic list of taxa arranged in generic order

This systematic list follows Breure (1979); the family classification amended as proposed by Breure and Romero (in press). The generic classification has been adapted from Simone (2006) for the Odontostomidae (but see Remarks below); the classification of Bothriembryontidae is based on unpublished data from the senior author. Within each family, genus and at species level, taxa are presented in alphabetical order.

Family Bothriembryontidae Iredale, 1937

Remarks. The Gondwanan group within the Orthalicoidea (Placostylidae sensu Neubert et al. 2009, , , , and ) appears to be monophyletic (Breure and Romero in press). Thus the oldest family name, i.e. Bothriembryontidae, is used herein for this group.

Albers, 1850

(Reeve, 1848); (Cox, 1871).

Pilsbry, 1894

(Pfeiffer, 1864); (Angas, 1871); (Pfeiffer, 1861); (J.E. Gray, 1825); (E.A. Smith, 1894); (Reeve, 1849); (J.E. Gray, 1834); (Tate, 1894); (Pfeiffer, 1853).

Pilsbry, 1900

(Garrett, 1872); (Garrett, 1872); Fulton, 1915.PageBreak

Martens in Albers, 1860

Delsaerdt, 2010; (E.A. Smith, 1891); Fulton, 1907; Clench, 1941; (Cox, 1871); (Cox, 1870).

Crosse, 1875

(Garrett, 1872).

Pilsbry, 1900

E.A. Smith, 1891; (Cox, 1872); (Pfeiffer, 1855); (Pfeiffer, 1853).

Beck, 1837

(Crosse, 1874); (Gassies, 1871); (Reeve, 1848); (Gassies, 1871); (Gassies, 1871); (Cox, 1872); (Pfeiffer, 1855); (Gassies, 1863); (Gassies, 1871); (Crosse, 1870); (Crosse, 1870); (Gassies, 1871); (Gassies, 1871); (Gassies, 1870); (Gassies, 1870); Powell, 1938; (Pfeiffer, 1860); (Pfeiffer, 1853); (Crosse, 1886); (Morelet, 1857); (Crosse, 1884); (Morelet, 1857); (Gassies, 1871).

Beck, 1837

(Sowerby I, 1832); (Sowerby I, 1832); (Pfeiffer, 1842); (d’Orbigny, 1837); (Sowerby I, 1833); (Pfeiffer, 1842); (Pfeiffer, 1842).

Kobelt, 1891

(Pfeiffer, 1860).

Connolly, 1929

(Sowerby III, 1890); (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1894); Connolly, 1929.

Iredale, 1927

(Pfeiffer, 1853).

Family Odontostomidae Pilsbry and Vanatta, 1894

Remarks. We follow here the classification of Simone (2006), with exceptions mentioned below. However, it must be emphasized that a revision of this family, combining morphological and molecular data, is much overdue.

Fischer von Waldheim, 1807

Verdcourt, 1990; Pfeiffer, 1853.

Jousseaume, 1877

d’Orbigny, 1837; (d’Orbigny, 1835); (Pfeiffer, 1859); (Pfeiffer, 1847); (Reeve, 1848); (Reeve, 1849); (Pfeiffer, 1857); (d’Orbigny, 1835).

Salgado and Leme, 1990

(Pfeiffer, 1849); (Pfeiffer, 1845).

Jousseaume, 1900

(E.A. Smith, 1890).

Döring, 1874

(Pfeiffer, 1849).

Remarks. Molecular evidence appear to suggest that taxa hitherto placed in and belong to the same group (Breure and Romero in press); in case further studies should confirm the synonymy of these taxa, has priority over Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1894.

Beck, 1837

(Pfeiffer, 1857); (Pfeiffer, 1850); Klappenbach, 1958; (d’Orbigny, 1837).

Pilsbry, 1897

(E.A. Smith, 1890).

Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1898

(Fulton, 1903).

Beck, 1837

Pfeiffer, 1845; (Sowerby I, 1824).

Remarks. Simone (2006) seems to have misinterpreted this genus, by considering (Deshayes, 1851) as a member of , whilst placing the type species of this genus in Swainson, 1840 without further discussion.

Döring, 1876

(Wood, 1828); (d’Orbigny, 1835).

Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1894

(d’Orbigny, 1837).PageBreak

Alphabetic list of taxa by species name

Crosse, 1874

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_ouveanus_alba

Figs 8G–H

Figure 8.

subspecies. A–D (Gassies, 1869) A, i Gassies, 1871, holotype NHM 1883.11.10.1163 (H = 75.6) B–C, iii Crosse, 1870, syntype NHM 1929.9.14.4 (H = 94.5) D, ii Gassies, 1870, syntype NHM 1883.11.10.1164 (H = 92.8) E–H (Dotzauer in Mousson, 1869) E–F Crosse, 1884, NHM 1929.9.14.8 (H = 49.2) G–H Crosse, 1874, holotype NHM 1929.9.14.6 (H = 48.1) I, iv (Crosse, 1855), holotype of Gassies, 1871 NHM 1883.11.10.1175 (H = 73.9). All reduced in size.

Bulimus ouveanus var.

Placostylus fibratus ouveanus (Dotzauser in Mousson);

Type locality.

“in loco Siandé dicto, Novae Caledoniae (E. Marie)”.

Label.

“Siandé”; label in Crosse’s handwriting glued to the shell.

Dimensions.

“Long. 48, diam. maj. 23 1/2 mill.”; holotype H 48.1, D 23.8, W 6.1.

Type material.

NHMUK 1929.9.14.6, holotype (Marie coll.).

Remarks.

The shell is accompanied by another label in Crosse’s handwriting, stating that on 30 July 1884 he received a message from E. Marie that this shell had to be considered a monstrosity. Neubert et al. (2009) ascribe this taxon to Pfeiffer, but it is unclear if Pfeiffer ever saw this specimen.

Current systematic position.

Bothriembryontidae, (Dotzauer in Mousson, 1869).

Pfeiffer, 1864

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_angasianus

Figs 2A–B, iii

Figure 2.

species. A–B, iii (Pfeiffer, 1864), syntype NHM 1870.10.26.276 (H = 20.6) C–E, ii (Angas, 1871, lectotype NHM 1870.11.5.8 (H = 14.3) E detail of sculpture (× 3.5) F–G, i (J.E. Gray, 1825), lectotype NHM 1975910 (H = 19.1) H–I, iv (Quoy and Gaimard, 1832), lectotype of Reeve, 1848 NHM 1975224 (H = 19.2) J–K, v (Tate, 1894), syntype NHM 1895.10.2.202 (H = 17.5).

Bulimus angasianus

Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) angasianus (Pfeiffer);

“Port Lincoln, South Australia”.

“Port Lincoln / South Australia”; presumably in Angas’ handwriting.

“Long. 25 1/2, diam. 14 mill.”; syntype H 20.6 D 14.6, W 4.5.

NHMUK 1870.10.26.176, one syntype (Angas coll.).

The label bears “type” in the original handwriting, but the specimen does not match the dimensions given by Pfeiffer. There are three additional syntypes in the Angas collection in the Hancock Museun [now part of the Great North Museum in Newcastle-upon-Tyne] (D. Gordon, pers. comm.)

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1864).

Gassies, 1871

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_asopeus

Figs 7E, 7v

Figure 7.

(Martyn, 1784). A, i Reeve, 1848, lectotype NHM 1975223 (H = 78.1) B, ii Gassies, 1871, syntype NHM 1883.11.10. (H = 74.5) C, iii Gassies, 1871, syntype NHM 1883.11.10.1167 (H = 77.1) D, iv Gassies, 1870, holotype NHM 1883.11.10.1176 (H = 83.7) E, v Gassies, 1871, holotype NHM 1883.11.10.1173 (H = 49.7) F, vi Gassies, 1871, syntype NHM 1883.11.10.223 (H = 4.13). All reduced in size.

Bulimus asopeus

[New Caledonia] “Ile des Pins, sud de la Nouvelle-Calédonie”.

No information given. The specimen is marked by Gassies with “T” on the ventral side of the last whorl.

“Long. 50 mill.; diam. maj. 34”; holotype H 49.7, D 35.1, W 6.5.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.1173, holotype, R.P. Lambert leg. (ex Gassies).

The specimen is a monstrosity and was classified as (Martyn, 1784) in a recent revision by Neubert et al. (2009).

Bothriembryontidae, (Martyn, 1784).

Delsaerdt, 2010

http://species-id.net/wiki/Eumecostylus_vicinus_backhuysi

Eumecostylus vicinus backhuysi

“Marau area, SE Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands”.

“Marau area, SE Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands”.

“68.4 x 29.3 mm”; holotype H 68.4, D 29.3, W 4+.

NHM 20100568, holotype, R. Moylan leg. (ex Delsaerdt ex Backhuys).

The apex of the specimen is missing.

Bothriembryontidae, Delsaerdt, 2010.

Reeve, 1848

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_bairdii

Figs 7A, 7i

Bulimus bairdii

“—?”.

No locality given. “Type specimen” added in a later handwriting (E.A. Smith?)

Not given. Specimen figured herein H 78.1, D 36.2, W 7.3.PageBreak

NHMUK 1975223, lectotype.

Reeve indicated that his specimen was in “Mus. Brit.”. His description leaves room for the possibility that Reeve passed additional specimens to other collectors/institutions; therefore, we concur with Breure and Schouten (1985) to designate this specimen as lectotype. Neubert et al. (2009), who consider this specimen a syntype, treat this taxon as a synonym of (Martyn, 1784).

Bothriembryontidae, (Martyn, 1784).

Sowerby III, 1890

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_bowkeri

Figs 6A–C, 6i

Figure 6.

species. A–C, i (Sowerby, 1890), lectotype NHM 1889.11.4.9 (H = 19.6) D–F, iii (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1894), holotype NHM 1905.1.26.29 (H = 14.6) G–I, ii Connolly, 1929, paratype NHM 1937.12.30.7079 (H = 11.4).

Bulimus (Mesembrinus?) bowkeri Sowerby III 1890: 581, pl. 56 fig. 5.

Prestonella bowkeri (Sowerby);

[South Africa] “Somerset (East), Cape Colony. Forest about 3,000 ft above sea level (Col. Bowker)”.

“Somerset (East), Cape / Colony. Forest about / 3,000 ft above sea level / Col. Bowker”.

“Long. 20, maj. diam. 11 mill.”; lectotype H 19.6, D 10.3, W 4.7.

NHM 1889.11.4.9, lectotype.

Bothriembryontidae, (Sowerby III, 1890).

Angas, 1871

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_brazieri

Figs 2C–E, 2ii

Bulimus (Liparus) brazieri

Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) brazieri (Angas);

[Western Australia] “Sinclair’s Range, King George’s Sound”; see Remarks.

“ Stirling Range, King George’s Sound”.

“Length 8 lines, breadth 4 lines”; lectotype H 14.3, D 8.7, W 4.9.

NHMUK 1870.11.5.8, lectotype, and one paralectotype (Angas coll.).

According to Iredale (1939) the published locality was in error and should read “Stirling Range”. The taxon forms part of an ill-defined species complex. PageBreakThe material corresponds to the original figures of Angas. The shell pictured in the right-hand view is here selected lectotype (design. n.). The specimens are not full-grown.

Bothriembryontidae, (Angas, 1871).

Sowerby I, 1832

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulinus_broderipii

Figs 4A–B, 4i

Figure 4.

species. A–B, i (Sowerby I, 1832), lectotype NHM 20100655 (H = 44.5) C–D, ii (Sowerby, 1832), possible syntype NHM 20100620 (H = 32.4) E–H (Sowerby I, 1832) E–F, iii Lectotype of var. elongata d’Orbigny, 1837 NHM 1854.12.4.102 (H = 30.5) G–H, iv Lectotype of Pfeiffer, 1842 NHM 1975360 (H = 30.0).

Bulinus broderipii Sowerby I in

“prope Copiapo Chilensium”.

“Chili” (in a later handwriting on board). M.C. label style I.

“long. 1 6/8, lat. 1 1/8 poll. [44.3, 28.5 mm]”; lectotype H 44.3, D 26.1, W 5.9.

NHMUK 20100655, lectotype, and three paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

This taxon may be confused with several other species; a revision of this group is pending (F. Cádiz, pers. commun.). One of the specimens matches the original shell height and corresponds to the figures in Sowerby 1833–1838; this shell is here selected as lectotype (design. n.).

Bothriembryontidae, (Sowerby I, 1832).

Verdcourt, 1991

http://species-id.net/wiki/Anostoma_octodentatum_brunneum

Figs 16D–F

Figure 16.

species. A–C, i (Pfeiffer, 1853), probable syntype NHM 20100509 (D = 24.3) D–F Verdcourt, 1991, holotype NHM 1990126 (D = 32.6).

Anostoma octodentatum brunneum

Anostoma brunneum Verdcourt;

“Brazil, Goias State, about 20 km SE. Dianapolis, near Jardim”.

“Brazil, Goiás, near Jardim, c. 20 km SE Dianapolis”.

“Alt. 16 mm, greater diam. 33–34 mm”; holotype H 16.3, D 32.6, W 4.3.

NHMUK 1990125, holotype and NHMUK 1990126, (juvenile) paratype (R.M. Hartley leg., 12.ii.1987); in ethanol.PageBreak

A paratype in the MZSP collection was figured by Simone (2006).

Odontostomidae, Verdcourt, 1991.

Gassies, 1871

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_bulbulus

Figs 7F, 7vi

Bulimus bulbulus

[New Caledonia] “les environs de Nouméa, de Concepcion, Baie du Sud, etc., fossile à l’île des Pins”.

No type locality. Taxon label in Gassies’ handwriting.

“Diam. maj. 4 mill., alt. 5 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 4.13, D 3.56, W 2.1.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.223-229, seven syntypes (Gassies coll.).

Remarks. Three specimens are still glued on board, four others separate in capsule. These specimens are juveniles, probably of (Martyn, 1784).

Bothriembryontidae, (Martyn, 1784).

E.A. Smith, 1891

http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_calus

Figs 11A, 11i

Figure 11.

species. A, i (E.A. Smith, 1891), lectotype NHM 1891.11.3.4 (H = 78.0) B, ii (Clench, 1941), paratype NHM 1953.2.4.1 (H = 82.3) C, iii (Fulton, 1907), lectotype NHM 1907.5.3.160 (H = 71.3).

Placostylus calus E.A.

Placostylus (Placocharis) calus (E.A. Smith) [sic, no parenthesis required];

Eumecostylus calus (E.A. Smith);

“Solomon Islands”.

“Solomon Is.”, in Smith’s handwriting.

“Longit. 78 millim., diam. maj. 33”; lectotype H 78, D 33.7, W 5+.

NHMUK 1891.11.3.4, lectotype; NHMUK1891.11.3.5-6, two paralectotypes (ex Brazier).

The apex of the lectotype is damaged.

Bothriembryontidae, (E.A. Smith, 1891).

Pfeiffer, 1853

http://species-id.net/wiki/Anostoma_carinatum

Figs 16A–C, 16i

Anostoma carinatum

Ringicella carinata (Pfeiffer);

“Brasilia (Mus. Dennison.)”.

“Brazils”.

“Diam. maj. 24 1/2, (..) alt. 13 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 13.3, D 24.3, W 4.9.

NHMUK 20100509, three syntypes (Cuming coll.).

Remarks. Although the taxon label is not in Pfeiffer’s handwriting, the specimens fit the original measurements and are considered probable syntypes.

Odontostomidae, Pfeiffer, 1853.

Pfeiffer, 1857

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_catharinae

Figs 23A–B, 23i

Figure 23.

A–B, i (Menke, 1828), lectotype of Pfeiffer, 1857 NHM 1975261 (H = 24.4) C–D, ii (Fulton, 1903), holotype NHM 1903.11.20.34 (H = 31.9) E–F, iii (d’Orbigny, 1837), lectotype NHM 1854.12.4.141 (H = 30).

Bulimus catharinae

Cyclodontina (Cyclodontina) fusiformis (Menke);

Cyclodontina catharinae (Pfeiffer);

“St. Catherine’s, Brazil”.

“St Catherines Brazil”; taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting.

“23–25, 7 1/2–8 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 24.4, D 7.5, W 8.1.

NHMUK 1975261, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

Simone revalidated this taxon without providing further discussion; however, we follow here the synonymization of Breure and Schouten (1985).

Odontostomidae, (Menke, 1828).

Pfeiffer, 1850

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_charpentieri

Figs 21G–I, 21ii

Figure 21.

species. A–F, i (d’Orbigny, 1837), lectotype NHM 1854.12.4.231 (H = 29.2) E apical whorls (scale equals 5 mm) F detail of aperture G–I, ii (Pfeiffer, 1850), possible syntype NHM 1975585 (H = 17.9) I detail of aperture J–K, iii Klappenbach, 1958, paratype NHM 1961679 (H = 16.1).

Bulimus charpentieri “Grateloup”

“Cardova [sic, Córdoba] reipubl. Argentinae”.PageBreak

“Brazils”. M.C. label style III.

“Long. 20, diam. 5 2/3 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 17.9, D 5.15, W 9.2.

NHMUK 20110386, syntype (Cuming coll.).

Odontostomidae, (Pfeiffer, 1850).

Klappenbach, 1958

http://species-id.net/wiki/Cyclodontina_corderoi

Figs 21J–K, 21iii

Cyclodontina (Spixia) corderoi

[Uruguay] “Pozo Hondo, próxima a la población Tambores en el departemento de Tacuarembó”.

“Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Depto Tacuarembó, Rep. del Uruguay”.

“Largo total 17.5, Ancho 5 (en millimetros)”; specimen figured herein H 16.1, D 5.44, W 7+.

NHMUK 1961679, three paratypes, M.A. Klappenbach & P. San Martin leg., 12.x.1957, ex MNHNM 0716.

The apex of the shell is slightly damaged.

Odontostomidae, Klappenbach, 1958.

Gassies, 1871

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_corpulentus

Figs 10A, 10i

Figure 10.

and species. A, i (Gassies, 1871), syntype NHM 1883.11.10.1173 (H = 94.0). Reduced in size B, ii (Cox, 1871), lectotype NHM 2007069 (H = 44.4) C, iii (Reeve, 1848), lectotype NHM 2007072 (H = 68.3).

Bulimus corpulentus

Placostylus corpulentus (Gassies);

“Fossile à l’île des Pins et à l’îlot Koutoumo”.

“New Caledonia”.

“Long. 100 mill.; diam. maj. 55 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 94.0, D 64.0, W 6.7.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.1178, syntype, R.P. Lambert leg. (ex Gassies).

The surface of the specimen is covered by various encrustations.

Bothriembryontidae, (Gassies, 1871).

Pfeiffer, 1848

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_costatus

Figs 22F–G, 22ii

Figure 22.

A–E, i (Spix, 1827), lectotype of (d’Orbigny, 1837) NHM 1854.12.4.232 (H = 34.8) E apical whorls (scale equals 5 mm) F–G, ii (Pfeiffer, 1848), lectotype NHM 1975250 (H = 17.8).

Bulimus costatus

Clessinia costata (Pfeiffer);

“Brasilia” [Brazil].

“Brazil”. M.C. label style III. Another label indicates that this specimen was also figured in Reeve’s Conchologica Iconica.

“Long. 18, diam. 5 1/2 mill.”; lectotype H 17.8, D 5.6, W 8.8.

NHMUK 1975250, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

Although the first publication was in Pfeiffer (1848), he refers to Pfeiffer (1849) as the original description; this paper was describing new species from the Cuming collection.

Odontostomidae, (Pfeiffer, 1848).

Sowerby I, 1832

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulinus_coturnix

Figs 4C–D, 4ii

Bulinus coturnix Sowerby I in

[Chile] “Huasco”.

“Huasco”. M.C. label style I.

“Long 1 1/4, lat. 7/8 poll. [H 31.7, D 22.2 mm]”; specimen figured herein H 32.4, D 21.0, W 5.0.

NHMUK 20100620, five possible syntypes (Cuming coll.).

Of the five specimens, only one is adult; although it does not correspond to the original measurements, it originates from the type locality. The material is considered as possible syntypes.

Bothriembryontidae, (Sowerby I, 1832).

Garrett, 1872

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_crassilabrum

Figs 13A, 13i

Figure 13.

A–C species A, i (Garrett, 1872), syntype NHM 20030801 (H = 44.0) B, iii (Garrett, 1872), probable syntype NHM 20030803 (H = 35.8) C, ii (Fulton, 1915), holotype NHM 1919.12.31.50 (H = 43.8) D, v (Pfeiffer, 1860), lectotype NHM 1975237 (H = 32.9) E, iv (Garrett, 1872), probable syntype NHM 20030802 (H = 51.2).

Bulimus crassilabrum

[Fiji] “Vanna Levu Id., Viti Isles”.

“Vanua Levu”.

“Length 41 mill., diam. 21 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 44.0, D 22.1, W 5.1.

NHMUK 20030801, one syntype, ex Kennard ex Garrett coll. (“cotype ex auct.”).

Richardson (1995: 286) placed this taxon in the synonymy of (Garrett, 1872), without further comments. Judging by the descriptions and figures of both species, there is every reason to consider these two taxa identical. Based on Garrett’s 1872 paper, has page priority.

Bothriembryontidae, (Garrett, 1872).

‘Newcomb’ Pfeiffer, 1849

http://species-id.net/wiki/Tomigerus_cumingii

Figs 19A–C, 19i

Figure 19.

species. A–C, i (Pfeiffer, 1849), syntype NHM 1975787 (H = ). D–F, ii (Pfeiffer, 1845), lectotype NHM 1975253 (H = 9.68).

Tomigerus cumingii ‘Newcomb’

Biotocus cumingii (Pfeiffer);

“Para[,] Brasiliae”.

“Para”. M.C. label style III.

“Diam. maj. 7 1/2, min. 5, alt. 6 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 6.45, D 6.72, W 4.8.

NHMUK 1975587, three syntypes, ex Newcomb (Cuming coll.).

Odontostomidae, (‘Newcomb’ Pfeiffer, 1849).

Cox, 1872

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_cuninculinsulae

Figs 12C, 12iii

Figure 12.

and species. A, i (Cox, 1871), lectotype NHM 1880.12.11.43 (H = 65.0) B, ii (Cox, 1870), lectotype NHM 1880.12.11.44 (H = 67.7) C, iii (Cox, 1872), lectotype NHM 1880.12.11.47 (H = 41.6) D Suter, 1906, paratype of Powell, 1938, NHM 1939.3.17.18 (H = 70.3).

Bulimus cuninculinsulae

[Australia] “Rabbit Island, near Lord Howe’s Island, Pacific Ocean”.

“Rabbit Is. / near Lord / Howe’s Is. / Pacific ocean”.

“Length 1.65, breadth 0.75 of an inch [H 41.9, D 19.1 mm]”; lectotype H 41.6, D 20.5, W 5.6.

NHMUK 1880.12.11.47-48, lectotype and one paralectotype (ex Cox).

The specimen figured by Cox (1872) has been chosen by Breure and Schouten (1985) as the lectotype; the paralectotype matches the original measurements (H 41.9).

Bothriembryontidae, (Cox, 1872).

Fulton, 1907

http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_cylindricus

Figs 11C, 11iii

Placostylus (Euplacostylus) cylindricus

Placostylus (?Proaspastus) cylindricus (Fulton);

Eumecostylus cylindricus (Fulton);

“Isabel Island, Solomons” (see remarks).

“Isabel Id. / Solomon Ids.”, in Fulton’s handwriting.

“Maj. diam. 23, alt. 71 mm.”; lectotype H 71.3, D 27.4, W 6.7.

NHMUK 1907.5.3.160, lectotype (ex Fulton).

Fulton (1907) mentioned that he had three specimens, of which the NHMUK specimen corresponds to his figure. Contrary to Breure and Schouten (1985), it should not be considered as holotype, but is here designated as the lectotype (Art. 74.6 ICZN). The specimen has the apex damaged. Clench (1941) questioned the type locality and suggested it was erroneous. Also Delsaerdt (2010) has been unable to locate this species on Santa Isabel; it is only known from Guadalcanal.

Bothriembryontidae, (Fulton, 1907).

Wood, 1828

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pupa_dentata

Figs 25A–D, 25i

Figure 25.

species. A–D, i (Wood, 1828), syntype NHM 1840.9.12.50 (H = 17.5) D detail of aperture E–G, ii (d’Orbigny, 1835), paralectotype NHM 1854.12.4.235 (H = 22.3) G detail of aperture.

Pupa dentata

Not given.

“Montevideo”.

Not given. Specimen figured herein H 14.16, D 7.17, W 7.9.

NHMUK 1840.9.12.50, two syntypes, ex Mrs. Mawe.

Wood (1828: 24) referred to material from “Br.M. [British Museum]”. This supports the claim expressed on the label that this material may bePageBreak considered as probable syntypes. It is not clear, however, on what evidence the locality “Montevideo” is based, as Wood did not state it in his publication. One specimen is damaged.

Odontostomidae, (Wood, 1828).

Pfeiffer, 1861

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_dux

Figs 3A–B, 3i

Figure 3.

species. A–B, i (Pfeiffer, 1861), lectotype NHM 1975598 (H = 48.5) C–E, ii (E.A. Smith, 1894), lectotype NHM 1881.11.21.128 (H = 27.0); E detail of sculpture (× 6) F–G, iv (J.E. Gray, 1834), lectotype NHM 1874.10.28.1 (H = 31.1) H–I, iii (Pfeiffer, 1853), syntype NHM 1981204 (H = 30.1).

Bulimus dux

Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) dux (Pfeiffer);

“King George’s Sound, [Western] Australia”.

“King Georges Sound / W. Australia”; taxon label damaged, possibly in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.

“Long. 51, diam. 26 mill.”; lectotype H 48.5, D 28, W 6.0.

Type material. NHMUK 19598, lectotype; 19599, two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

These specimens were identified by E.A. Smith as type material.

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1861).

Pfeiffer, 1855

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_eddystonensis

Figs 9D, 9iv

Figure 9.

species. A, i (Souverbie in Souverbie and Montrouzier, 1870), syntype of Crosse, 1870 NHM 1929.9.14.15 (H = 111.3) B, ii (Morelet, 1857), lectotype NHM 1893.2.4.1529 (H = 116.5) C, iii (Pfeiffer, 1851), holotype of Morelet, 1857 NHM 1893.2.4.1530 (H = 70.0) D, iv (Pfeiffer, 1855), lectotype NHM 1975230 (H = 73.3) E, v (Crosse, 1886), holotype NHM 1929.9.14.7 (H = 57.5) F, vi (Petit de la Saussaye, 1845), possible syntype of Gassies, 1863 NHM 1883.11.10.1172 (H = 72.0). All reduced in size.

Bulimus eddystonensis

Placostylus (Placostylus) eddystonensis (Pfeiffer);

“Eddystone Island, Australian Seas” [Solomon Islands; see remarks].

“Eddystone Isld / Australian sea”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.

“Long. 74, diam. 34 mill.”; lectotype H 73.3, D 36.3, W 6.2.

NHMUK 1975230, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

Remarks. The type locality was in error and was subsequently corrected to New Caledonia, Hienghène (Gassies 1863: 260); see Neubert et al. 2009: fig. 156 for distributional data.

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1855).

Gassies, 1863

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_edwardsianus

Figs 9F, 9vi

Bulimus edwardsianus

Placostylus caledonicus (Petit);

[New Caledonia] “Nékété, Kanala, l’île Nu, l’île Pôt”.

“Nékété”, taxon label in Gassies’ handwriting, marked “T”.

“Long. 80 mill.—Diam. maj. 34 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 72.0, D 36.5, W 6.7.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.1172, one possible syntype (ex Gassies ex Marie).

Neubert et al. (2009) consider this specimen a possible syntype; it is not the originally figured specimen.

Bothriembryontidae, (Petit de la Saussaye, 1845).

Pfeiffer, 1842

http://species-id.net/wiki/Succinea_elegans

Figs 4G–H, 4iv

Succinea elegans

Plectostylus coquimbensis perelegans (Pilsbry);

“Huasco, Chile (Bridges)”.

“Questa de Arenas / Huasco, Chili”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.

“Long. 36, diam. 17 mill.”; lectotype H 30.0, D 16.2, W 5.1.

NHMUK 1975360, lectotype; 1975361, three paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

The lectotype corresponds to the specimen figured by Pfeiffer (1855 [1840-1865]). The original shell height may have been in error. This taxon is now considered a junior subjective synonym of Sowerby I, 1832 (F. Cádiz, unpublished data).

Bothriembryontidae, (Sowerby I, 1832) (synon. n.).PageBreak

d’Orbigny, 1837

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_broderipi_elongata

Figs 4E–F, 4iii

Bulimus broderipi var.

“Cobija, Bolivia” [Chile].

“Cobija”; in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.

“Long. 30 millim.; lat. 17 millim.”; lectotype H 30.5, D 16.4, W 5.2.

NHMUK 1854.12.4.102, lectotype and six paralectotypes (d’Orbigny coll.).

No material of this taxon has been found in the MNHN. As the species was not figured by d’Orbigny, the specimen that most closely matches the given dimensions has been chosen as the lectotype. This taxon is now considered a junior subjective synonym of Sowerby I, 1832 (F. Cádiz, unpublished data).

Bothriembryontidae, (Sowerby I, 1832) (synon. n.).

Gassies, 1871

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_falcicula

Figs 7B, 7ii

Bulimus falcicula

Placostylus (Placostylus) falcicula (Gassies);

Placostylus (Placostylus) fibratus fibratus (Martyn);

[New Caledonia] “Baie du Sud (Nouvelle-Calédonie)”.

No locality label; taxon label in Gassies’ handwriting.

“Long. 80 mill.; diam. maj. 40 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 74.5, D 35.9, W 6.5.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.1174, syntype, R.P. Lambert leg. (ex Gassies).

The taxon label is marked “T”, and the shell is marked with “245” on the last whorl.

Bothriembryontidae, (Martyn, 1784).

Clench, 1950

http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_foxi

Figs 11B, 11ii

Placostylus (Eumecostylus) foxi

Eumecostylus foxi Clench;

“Heuru western end of San Cristobal Island, Solomon Islands”.

“Brit. Solomon Isl. / Heuru, western Cristobal Isl.”.

“Length 86.8, Gt. width 32 [mm]”; specimen figured herein H 82.3, D 31.5, W 5.9.

NHMUK 1953.2.4.1, paratype (ex Schlesch).

Delsaerdt (2010) corrected the coordinates of the type locality as given by Clench. The specimen in NHMUK was obtained “Through Dr Quick” from the Schlesch collection and has a label “paratype” glued within the aperture. It may be noted that Clench (1950) stated “Paratypes (...) in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, the B.P. Bishop Museum and the collections of A.G. Stevenson, Reverend Fox and Walter J. Eyerdam”. It is not clear how the specimen reached the Schlesch collection or if it was genuinely part of the original series.

Bothriembryontidae, (Clench, 1950).

Pfeiffer, 1853

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_fuligineus

Figs 15A, 15i

Figure 15.

species. A, i (Pfeiffer, 1853), lectotype NHM 1975226 (H = 39.4) B–C (Pfeiffer, 1853) B, ii Lectotype NHM 1975234 (H = 33.6) C, iii Lectotype of Pfeiffer, 1860 NHM 1975235 (H = 41.5).

Bulimus fuligineus

Bulimus fuligineus var. β Pfeiffer 1859: 363.

Placostylus (Santacharis) fuligineus (Pfeiffer);

[Vanuatu] “Novis Hebridis”.

“New Hebrides”. “Isle of Aneiteum”; taxon labels in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style IV.

“Long. 38, diam. 16 mill.”; lectotype H 39.4, D 19.2, W 4.6.

NHMUK 1975226, lectotype and two paralectotypes; 20100650, three paralectotypes of the varietal form, all Macgillivray leg. (Cuming coll.).

Two lots, each consisting of three specimens proved to be present, one corresponding to the variety recognized by Pfeiffer (1859). All material was taken at Vanuatu, Prov. Tafea, Anatom (of which Anaiteum and Aneityum are a few of the variant names), according to the label glued inside the aperture of one of the specimens and the label of the variety lot. The specimen figured by Pfeiffer (1854: pl. 48 figs 5–6) is now seclected lectotype (design. n.).PageBreak

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1853).

d’Orbigny, 1837

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_fuscagula

Figs 23E–F, 23iii

Bulimus fuscagula

Bahiensis miliola (d’Orbigny);

[Brazil] “Rio de Janeiro”.

“In Bresil”

“Long. 30 millim.; lat. 8 millim.”; lectotype H 28.6, D 7.6, W 9.4.

NHMUK 1854.12.4.141, lectotype (d’Orbigny coll.).

This specimen was thought by d’Orbigny to represent Lea, 1837 [= (Lesson, 1830)], which is, however, a distinct species. The type lot consisted of a second specimen (NHMUK 1854.12.4.142) which indeed belongs to this species described by Lesson. Therefore, to solve the potential confusion, specimen NHMUK 1854.12.4.141 is here designated as lectotype (design. n.) of d’Orbigny.

Odontostomidae, (d’Orbigny, 1837).

Crosse, 1870

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_souvillei_gatopensis

Figs 8B–C, 8iii

Bulimus souvillei var. δ

“Gatope et in loco ‘Ferme modèle’ dicto, Novae Caledoniae. (E. Marie)”.

No locality given. Taxon label in Crosse’s handwriting (?).

“Long. 88–95, diam. maj. 47–56 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 94.5, D 55.5, W 6.5.

NHMUK 1929.9.14.4, syntype, ex Marie coll.

A label (from Crosse?) with the note “type” is glued on the dorsal side of the last whorl. Neubert et al. (2009) have commented on the type locality of this material, noting it to be erroneous or based on introduced material. A further syntype is in the MNHN collection.

Current systematic position. Bothriembryontidae, (Gassies, 1869).

Crosse, 1870

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_fibratus_grammica

Figs 9A, 9i

Bulimus fibratus grammica

“Nouvelle-Calédonie”.

“New Caledonia” added in a later handwriting. “type de l’auteur” glued on shell.

“Long. 111, diam. maj. 47 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 111.3, D 52.5, W 7.4.

NHMUK 1929.9.14.5, syntype, ex Marie coll.

In the recent revision of New Caledonian (Neubert et al. 2009) an argument is made for the current systematic position of this taxon.

Bothriembryontidae, (Souverbie, 1870).

Pfeiffer, 1845

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_grayanus

Figs 24E–H, 24ii

Figure 24.

species. A–D, i (Férussac, 1821), possible syntype of Sowerby I, 1824 NHM 20100632 (H = 37.1) D detail of aperture E–H, ii (Pfeiffer, 1845), syntype NHM 20110387 (H = 34.1) H detail of aperture.

Bulimus grayanus

Macrodontes grayanus (Pfeiffer);

“Brazils”.

“Brazil”. M.C. label style III.

“Long. 35, diam. 11 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 34.1, D 12.8, W 6.0.

NHMUK 20110387, syntype (Cuming coll.).

Odontostomidae, (Pfeiffer, 1845).

d’Orbigny, 1835

http://species-id.net/wiki/Helix_guarani

Figs 18A–B, 18iii

Figure 18.

species. A–B, iii (d’Orbigny, 1835), lectotype NHM 1854.12.4.140 (H = 20.5) C–E, iv (d’Orbigny, 1835), lectotype NHM 1854.12.4.140 (H = 21.7) F–I (Pfeiffer, 1847) F–G, ii Lectotype of Reeve, 1849 NHM 1975254 (H = 20.9) H–I, i Lectotype of Pfeiffer, 1847 NHM 1975263 (H = 16.8).

Helix guarani

Bulimus guarani

“provincia Corrientesensi (republica Argentina)”.

“corrientes. rep. Argentina”, label in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.

“Longit. 23 millim., latit. 8 1/2”; lectotype H 20.5, D 7.4, H 8.1.PageBreak

NHMUK 1854.12.4.140, lectotype and one paralectotype (d’Orbigny coll.).

The specimen corresponding to d’Orbigny 1837 [1834-1847]: pl. 41 bis fig. 1 has been selected lectotype (design. n.); the apex of the specimen is slightly damaged and its current shell height is somewhat smaller than in the original measurements. This species is tentatively classified with , awaiting a generic level revision of this group.

Odontostomidae, (d’Orbigny, 1835).

E.A. Smith, 1891

http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_guppyi

Figs 14C, 14iii

Figure 14.

species. A, i–ii (Cox, 1872), lectotype NHM 20070068 (H = 54.9) i Label of the specimen presented by J.C. Cox ii Labels of the specimens originating from the Kennard collection B, v (Pfeiffer, 1855), lectotype NHM 1975232 (H = 58.5) C, iii (E.A. Smith, 1891), lectotype NHM 1891.11.6.110 (H = 80.1) D, iv (Pfeiffer, 1853), lectotype NHM 20100652 (H = 45.9).

Placostylus guppyi E.A.

Placocharis guppyi (Smith);

“Solomon Islands”; restricted to West Guadalcanal by Delsaerdt (2010).

“Solomon Is.”, taxon label in Smith’s handwriting.

“Longit. 80 millim., diam. maj. 37”; lectotype H 80.1, D 40.1, W 5.5.

NHMUK 1891.11.6.110, lectotype; 1891.11.6.111, paralectotype, Brazier leg.

Bothriembryontidae, (E.A. Smith, 1891).

Cox, 1871

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_hargravesi

Figs 12A, 12i

Bulimus hargravesi

Eumecostylus hargravesi (Cox);

“Treasury Island, Solomon Islands”, corrected to Malaita, Solomon Islands (Delsaerdt 2010).

“Solomon Isls”.

“Diam. 1.05, long. 2.60 unc. [H 64.3, D 25.9 mm]”; lectotype H 65.0, D 30.9, W 5.3.

NHMUK 1880.12.11.43, lectotype (ex Cox).

The holotype designation (Breure and Schouten 1985) has to be interpreted as lectotype designation (Art. 74.6 ICZN); the claim of Delsaerdt (2010: PageBreakunnumbered page opposite contents [not repeated in main text]) of a lectotype designation is thus erroneous. Delsaerdt interpreted Cox’ abbreviation “unc.” equalling 25.4 mm given his dimensions of the type specimens as 26.67 x 66.04 mm. Cox’ abbreviation can also be read as the Roman uncia, equal to 2.473 cm (Rowlett 2004), but according to Woodward (1851 [1851-1856]: 61) the uncia equals the inch (= 25.4 mm).

Bothriembryontidae, (Cox, 1871).

Gassies, 1871

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_infundibulum

Figs 8A, 8i

Bulimus infundibulum

[New Caledonia] “Ilôt Koutoumo, sud de la Nouvelle-Calédonie”.

No locality label. Taxon label in Gassies’ handwriting and marked “T”.

“Long. 75 mill.; diam. maj. 40”; holotype H 75.6, D 46, W 6.5.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.1163, holotype, ex Gassies.

Gassies (1871) remarked that he had seen only one specimen. The single specimen known is a monstrosity; it is marked “241” on the last whorl.

Bothriembryontidae, (Gassies, 1869)

J.E. Gray, 1825

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_kingii

Figs 2F–G, 2i

Bulimus kingii J.E.

Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) kingii (Gray);

[Australia] “New Holland, Capt. King”.

“Australia”.

“Long. 1, diam. 1/2 unc.”; lectotype H 24.5, D 10.6, W 5.5.

NHMUK 195910, lectotype; 195911, one paralectotype, ex P.P. King R.N.

According to Pilsbry (1900) and Iredale (1939) the type locality is Western Australia, King George Sound, near Bald Head. Captain King visited this localityPageBreak on 20 Juanuary 1818 and stated “An abundance of shells of the helix tribe () was found on the top and sides of the hill” (King 1827: 12).

Bothriembryontidae, (J.E. Gray, 1825).

Garrett, 1872

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_koroensis

Figs 13E, 13iv

Bulimus koroensis

“Koro Isl., Viti Isles”.

“Koro, Viti”.

“Length 53 mill.; diam. 18 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 51.2, D 18.0, W 5.1.

NHMUK 20030802, two probable syntypes, ex Taylor, ex Garrett.

Bothriembryontidae, (Garrett, 1872).

Cox, 1872

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_kreftii

Figs 14A, 14i–ii

Bulimus (Charis) kreftii

Placocharis kreftii (Cox);

“Solomon Islands”, restricted to Florida Islands by Delsaerdt (2010).

“Solomon Isles”, in Cox’ handwriting (see remarks).

“Length 2.10, breadth 0.92 of an inch [H 53.3, D 23.3]”; specimen figured herein H 54.9, D 24.3, W 5.2.

NHMUK 20070068, lectotype and three paralectotypes, ex Kennard ex Cox; 1880.12.11.46, paralectotype, ex Cox.

Both series are accompanied by a label in Cox’ handwriting. The specimen registered 1880.12.11.46 was presented by J.C. Cox, has a taxon label “Bulimus kreftii” and corresponds to pl.4 fig. 4 of Cox (1872). The other lot (ex A.S. Kennard collection) has a taxon label “Placostylus krefftii” [sic, misspelled] and is “(Ex Auct.)”; the locality on Kennard’s label “New Caledonia” is clearly in error. It is therefore more likely that the specimen presented by Cox was truly part of the type series; those from the Kennard collection may have been collected at a later PageBreakstage, for which the genus name on the taxon label written by Cox (Fig. 14ii) is an indication.

Bothriembryontidae, (Cox, 1872).

E.A. Smith, 1894

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_leeuwinensis

Figs 3C–E, 3ii

Bulimus leeuwinensis E.A. Smith 1894: 94, pl. 7 fig. 27; B.J.

Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) leeuwinensis (Smith);

“Cape Leeuwin, S.W. Australia”.

“Cape Leeuwin, S.W. Australia”.

“Longit. 27 mm.; diam. 12.5 mm.”; lectotype H 27, D 13.7, W 5.4.

NHMUK 1891.11.21.128, lectotype; 1891.11.21.129–132, four paralectotypes, J.J. Walker leg.

Bothriembryontidae, (E.A. Smith, 1894).

‘Behn’ Pfeiffer, 1859

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_longulus

Figs 17A–B, 17i

Figure 17.

species. A–B, i (Pfeiffer, 1859), syntype NHM 1975252 (H = 29.8) C–F (Reeve, 1849) C–D, ii Lectotype of Reeve, 1849 NHM 1975258 (H = 23.6) E–F, iii Lectotype of Pfeiffer, 1857 (H = 22.5).

Bulimus longulus ‘Behn’

Bahiensis longulus (Pfeiffer);

[Brazil] “Chicatas Brasiliae”.

“Brazils”. M.C. label style III.

“Long. 30, diam. 7 1/2 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 29.8, D 7.23, W 11.2.

NHMUK 20110388, syntype (Cuming coll.).

Pfeiffer (1859) stated that the material was in “Mus. Cuming”. The specimens found are not accompanied by a taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting, but their type status is not disputed. Simone (2006) listed the specimen as lectotype, but we are unaware of a previous lectotype designation for this taxon. His listing does not fulfill the requirements of ICZN Art. 74.7, and therefore the specimen is regarded as a syntype. The registration number quoted by him was incorrect. The type locality has not been found using modern gazetteers.

Odontostomidae, (Pfeiffer, 1859).PageBreak

Pfeiffer, 1855

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_macgillivrayi

Figs 14B, 14v

Bulimus macgillivrayi

Placostylus (Placocharis) macgillivrayi (Pfeiffer);

Placocharis macgillivrayi (Pfeiffer);

“Wanderer Bay, Guadalcanar, Salomon’s Islands (Macgillivray)”.

“Wanderer Bay, Guadal- / canar, Solomon’s Islds (Macgillivray)”. M.C. label style III.

“Long. 59, diam. 22 mill.”; lectotype H 58.5, D 24.2, W 5.4.

NHMUK 1975232, lectotype, and two paralectotypes, Macgillivray leg. (Cuming coll.).

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1855).

d’Orbigny, 1837

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pupa_spixii_major

Figs 22A–E, 22i

Helix spixii var.

Pupa spixii var. α

Pupa spixii (d’Orbigny);

Spixia striata (Spix);

“...pays habité par les Guarayos, au sein des forêts humides des frontiers nord de la province de Chiquitos (république de Bolivia), et dans la province de Corrientes (république Argentine), en un bois voisin de la rivière de Santa-Lucia, au lieu dit “Pasto reito””; see Breure 1973: 122.

Two labels, “guarayos” and “corrientes, Rep. Argentina”, both in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.

“Long. var. A, 35 millim., (...) Lat. var. A, 12 millim.”; lectotype H 34.8, D 11, W 10.6.

NHMUK 1854.12.4.232, lectotype, matching best the original shell height; NHMUK 1854.12.4.232, six paralectotypes (d’Orbigny coll.).

In d’Orbigny (1835) only the name of this taxon is mentioned, together with a locality, thus it was invalidly published. The first valid publication is in d’Orbigny 1837 [1834-1847], where only a brief description was given but no figures of the ventral view of the shell (only a side view of a living snail). There is no explicit mentioning of “var. major” on the label, as d’Orbigny has done with PageBreakvarieties of other taxa; the only link are the localities quoted in his original paper. This taxon is here figured for the first time. As the lots referring to refer to two taxa, a lectotype is here designated for each (design. n.); see also minor d’Orbigny.

Odontotomidae, (Spix, 1827).

Reeve, 1848

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_miltocheilus

Figs 10C, 10iii

Bulimus miltocheilus

Aspastus miltocheilus (Reeve);

[Solomon Islands] “San Christoval, southeastern island of Solomon’s Group, northeast coast of New Holland”. Restricted to [Makira] “Kirakira (Wainoni-Bay)” by Rensch and Rensch (1935: 72).

“San Cristoval, Solomon Is.”. M.C. label style IV.

Not given. Specimen figured herein H 68.3, D 25.0, W 6.0.

NHMUK 20070072, two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

Delsaerdt (2010) has selected Reeve’s original figure as the lectotype.

Bothriembryontidae, (Reeve, 1848).

d’Orbigny, 1837

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pupa_spixii_minor

Figs 21A–F, 21i

Helix spixii var.

Pupa spixii var. β

Pupa spixii (d’Orbigny);

Spixia striata (Spix);

[Bolivia] “province de Chiquitos, entre Santo-Corazon et San-Juan”; see Breure 1973: 123.

“chiquitos, Bolivia”; in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.

“Long. (...) var. B, 30 millim. Lat. (...) var. B, 7 millim.”; lectotype H 29.2, D 7.46, W 11.1.

NHMUK 1854.12.4.231, lectotype and seven paralectotypes.

In d’Orbigny (1835) only the name of this taxon is mentioned, together with a locality, thus it was invalidly published. One specimen, which most closely matches the original shell height, is here designated as the lectotype. As the lots refePageBreakrring to refer to two taxa, a lectotype is here designated for each (design. n.); see also major d’Orbigny. This taxon is here figured for the first time.

Odontostomidae, (d’Orbigny, 1837).

Gassies, 1871

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_necouensis

Figs 8I, 8iv

Bulimus necouensis

[New Caledonia] “Nécoué, Baie Lebris (Nouvelle-Calédonie)”.

No locality information on the label, which gives the taxon name as “Bulimus Nekouensis”. A second label states “New Caledonia” but this is likely to have been added after the receipt of the material.

“Long. 77 mill.; diam. maj. 33 mill.”; holotype H 73.9, D 33.6, W 6.5.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.1175, holotype, E. Marie leg. (ex Gassies).

The specimen is marked “T” above the aperture on the last whorl. Neubert et al. (2009) have clarified the type status of this specimen and the taxonomic status of the taxon.

Bothriembryontidae, (Crosse, 1855).

Pfeiffer, 1847

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_neglectus

Figs 18H–I, 18i

Bulimus neglectus

Clessinia neglecta (Pfeiffer);

[Brazil] “Brasilia”.

“Brazils”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style I.

“Long 19, diam. 6 mill.”; lectotype H 16.8, D 5.18, W 8.2.

NHMUK 1975263, lectotype and one paralectotype (Cuming coll.).

A note accompanies the material stating “types / var. designation not Pfeiffer’s”. However, the label on the back of the cardbox has Pfeiffer’s handwriting, and the type status of these specimens is not disputed here. Simone (2006) incorrectly gave the size of the lectotype as 21 mm height. This species is tentatively classified with , a group awaiting a generic level revision.

Odontostomidae, (Pfeiffer, 1847).

Melvill and Ponsonby, 1894

http://species-id.net/wiki/Buliminus_nuptialis

Figs 6D–F, 6iii

Buliminus nuptialis

Prestonella nuptialis (Melvill and Ponsonby);

[South Africa, Eastern Cape] “Craigie Burn, Somerset East (Mrs. Mary Layard Barber)”.

“Craigie Burn, Somerset / East, S. Africa”.

“Long. 15, lat. 8.50 mill.”; holotype H 14.6, D 9.82, W 4.4.

NHMUK 1905.1.26.29, holotype, Mrs. Mary Layard Barber (née Bowker) (ex E.L. Layard ex Ponsonby).

The data on the collector and the way this specimen has found its way to the NHMUK collection have been taken from Herbert (2007). The size of the specimen was erroneously given as “length 11.5 mm”.

Bothriembryontidae, (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1894).

Reeve, 1848

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_oblitus

Figs 18F–G, 18ii

Bulimus oblitus

Clessinia oblita (Reeve);

“Brazil”.

“Brazil”. M.C. label style III.

Not given. Lectotype H 20.9, D 6.27, W 9.2+.

NHMUK 1975254, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

This species is tentatively classified with , awaiting a revision at generic level of this group. is now considered a junior subjective synonym of (Pfeiffer, 1847) (synon.n.).

Odontostomidae, (Pfeiffer, 1847).

Reeve, 1849

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_occultus

Figs 17C–D, 17ii

Bulimus occultus

Cyclodontina (Bahiensis) occultus (Reeve);

Bahiensis occultus (Reeve);

“Brazil”.

“Brazil”. M.C. label style III.

Not given. Lectotype H 23.6, D 5.8, W 9.0.

NHMUK 1975258, lectotype (Cuming coll.).

See also the discussion under Pfeiffer, 1857.

Odontostomidae, (Reeve, 1849).

Garrett, 1872

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_ochrostoma

Figs 13B, 13iii

Bulimus ochrostoma

[Fiji, Taviuni Island] “Tavinni [sic] Island, Viti Islands”.

“Taviuni, Viti”.

“Length 29 mill., diam. 16 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 35.8, D 18.3, W 4.7.

NHMUK 20030803, two probable syntypes (ex Taylor ex Garrett).

Garrett’s original description mentioned that types were in the author’s collection and in the ANSP. The specimens originate from Garrett and were probably part of the original series.

Bothriembryontidae, (Garrett, 1872).

Sowerby I, 1824

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_odontostoma

Figs 24A–D, 24i

Bulimus odontostoma Sowerby I 1824: 59, pl. 5 fig. 3.

[Brazil] “Rio de Janeiro”.

“Brazil”, in a later hand. M.C. label style IV.

“Axis 1 4/10, diam. 4/10 unc. [H 35.6, D 10.16 mm]”; specimen figured herein H 37.1, D 12.8, W 6.2.

NHMUK 20100632, two possible syntypes (Cuming coll.).

According to Sowerby, he had seen “A few specimens...”. Since it is not unlikely that Sowerby made use of the Cuming collection to describe species (Petit 2009), the specimens are considered possible syntpes.

Odontostomidae, (Férussac, 1821).

Gassies, 1870

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_ouensis

Figs 7D, 7iv

Bulimus ouensis

Placostylus (Placostylus) fibratus (Martyn);

Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn);

“Insula Ouen, Novae Caledoniae”.

Only a taxon label is present, with the name written in Gassies’ handwriting and marked “T”.

“Long. 86, diam. maj. 41 mill.”; holotype H 83.7, D 40.7, W 7.3.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.1176, holotype (ex Gassies).

The specimen is marked “T” on the last whorl beside the aperture. Gassies (1870) mentioned that he had seen only one specimen.

Bothriembryontidae, (Martyn, 1784).

Pfeiffer, 1857

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_parallelus

Figs 17E–F, 17iii

Bulimus parallelus

Moricandia parallela (Pfeiffer);

“St. Catherine’s, Brazil”.

“St. Catherines Brazil”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.

“Long. 22, diam. 7 mill.”; lectotype H 22.5, D 7.17, W 7.3.

NHMUK 1975256, lectotype and one paralectotype (Cuming coll.).

Simone (2006) has revalidated this taxon as a separate species, removing it from the synonymy of (Reeve, 1849) (See also Pisbry 1901 [1901-1902]: 48), and placing it in the genus Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1898. Pfeiffer’s type is somewhat stouter, but has the same characteristic brownPageBreak blotch behind the lip. Tentatively, the synonymy with Reeve, 1849 is here retained.

Odontostomidae, (Reeve, 1849).

d’Orbigny, 1835

http://species-id.net/wiki/Helix_patagonica

Figs 25E–G, 25ii

Helix patagonica

Bulimus patagonicus

Plagiodontes patagonicus (d’Orbigny);

[Argentina] “Patagonia”.

Label. “baie blanche [Bahia Blanca], Patagonia”, in d’Orbigny’s handwriting.

“Longit. 22 1/2 millim., latit. 11 millim.”; specimen figured herein H 22.3, D 11.2, W 7.5.

NHMUK 1854.12.4.235, five paralectotypes (d’Orbigny coll.).

The lectotype is in the MNHN collection (Breure 1976).

Odontostomidae, (d’Orbigny, 1835).

Reeve, 1849

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_physoides

Figs 2H–I, 2iv

Bulimus physoides

Bulimus (Liparus) physoides Reeve; E.A. Smith 1894: 95, pl. 7 fig. 30.

“—?”.

“W. Australia”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.

Not given. Specimen figured herein H 19.2, D 11.22, W 5.0.

NHMUK 1975224–1975225, three possible syntypes (Cuming coll.).

Reeve (legend to pl. 70: “Mus. Pfeiffer”) evidently based his description on material from Pfeiffer, who referred to “physodes (Menke mss.)”; this species was published as such by Menke (1843: 7), and Reeve’s name is therefore probably an emendation of Menke’s name. However, as Menke’s material is presumably lost (B.J. Smith 1992: 105), these specimens are interesting, since they may have originated via Pfeiffer from Menke’s collection.

Bothriembryontidae, (Quoy and Gaimard, 1832).

Gassies, 1870

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_pinicola

Figs 8D, 8ii

Bulimus pinicola

Placostylus (Placostylus) fibratus (Martyn);

Placostylus fibratus guestieri (Gassies);

“Insula Pinorum, Novae Caledoniae”.

Only a taxon label “Bulimus pinicula” in Gassies handwriting, marked “T”.

“Long. 90, diam. maj. 44 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 92.8, D 44.3, W 6.7.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.1164, one syntype (ex Gassies).

Marked “T” on last whorl besides aperture. Gassies (1870) stated that he had seen three specimens.

Bothriembryontidae, (Gassies, 1869).

Powell, 1938

http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_ambagiosus_priscus

Fig. 12D

Placostylus ambagiosus priscus

[New Zealand, North Island] “about three quarters of a mile east of the extreme north-western headland [Cape Maria van Diemen]”.

“Cape Maria van Diemen (mainland)”

“Height, 77 mm.; breadth, 31 mm.”; specimen figured herein H 70.3, D 28.5, W 6.5.

NHMUK 1939.3.17.18, one paratype (ex Powell).

The holotype of this subspecies, which is supposedly of Pleistocene age, is in the Auckland Museum. Buckley et al. (2011) have revised the New Zealand and showed that this taxon falls within the overall variation of Suter, 1906.

Bothriembryontidae, Suter, 1906.

Sowerby I, 1833

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulinus_punctulifer

Figs 5A–B, 5i

Figure 5.

species. A–B, i (Sowerby I, 1833), syntype NHM 1975171 (H = 46.5) C–F (Sowerby I, 1832) C–D, iii Lectotype of Pfeiffer, 1842 NHM 1975362 (H = 46.0) E–F, ii Lectotype of Pfeiffer, 1842 NHM 12975358 (H = 36.9).

Bulinus punctulifer Sowerby I 1833 [1833-1838]: 36.

Plectostylus punctulifer (Sowerby);

“Chili, Questa Prado [Cuesta Lo Prado]”.

“Chili”. M.C. label style IV.

“long. 1.5, lat. 0.75 poll. [H 38.0, D 19.0 mm]”; specimen figured herein H 46.5, D 21.7, W 5.3.

NHMUK 1975171, eight syntypes (Cuming coll.).

The dimensions of the specimen figured herein have been taken from the largest specimen found in the lot.

Bothriembryontidae, (Sowerby I, 1833).

Pfeiffer, 1860

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_pyrostomus

Figs 15C, 15iii

Bulimus pyrostomus

Placostylus (Santacharis) salomonis (Pfeiffer);

Santacharis salomonis (Pfeiffer);

[Vanuatu, Erromanga] “Erumanga, New Hebrides”.

“Isle of Eurymanga, New Hebrides”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.

“Long. 42, diam. 19 mill.”; lectotype H 41.5, D 22.0, W 5.3.

NHMUK 1975235, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

According to Solem (1959) the “holotype of pyrostomus is more slender than most of the specimens seen, but it is not too atypical. The holotype of salomonis could not be located in the British Museum”. Solem based his comments on a photograph of the type and was possibly unaware of the existence of two additional specimens. His “holotype of pyrostomus” is here interpreted as a lectotype designation (Art. 74.6 ICZN), overruling the subsequent designation by Breure and Schouten (1985: 59). See also under .

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1853).

Connolly, 1929

http://species-id.net/wiki/Prestonella_quadingensis

Figs 6G–I, 6ii

Prestonella quadingensis

[Lesotho, Quthing] “Basutoland, Quading”.

“Quading”.

“Long. 12.3, lat. 7.3 mm”; specimen figured herein H 11.42, D 7.85, W 4.2.

NHMUK 1937.12.30.7079–7080, two paratypes, E. Ford leg.

See Herbert (2007) for a discussion on the taxonomic status of this species.

Bothriembryontidae, Connolly, 1929.

E.A. Smith, 1890

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_ramagei

Figs 20A–B, 20i

Figure 20.

A–B, i (E.A. Smith, 1890), lectotype NHM 1888.6.27.163 (H = 17.5) C–D, ii (E.A. Smith, 1890, lectotype NHM 1888.6.27.106 (H = 11.46).

Bulimus (Tomigerus) ramagei E.A.

Bonnanius ramagei (Smith);

[Brazil, Fernando Noronha] “Tobacco Point”.

“Fernando Noronha”.

“Longit. 23 1/2 millim., diam. 16. / longit. 17 1/2 millim, diam. 12 1/2”; lectotype H 17.5, D 12.9, W 4.5.

NHMUK 1888.6.27.163, lectotype; 1888.6.27.164–170, seven paralectotypes.

The specimen figured by E.A. Smith corresponds to the smallest specimen measured by him; this specimen is here selected lectotype (design.n.).

Odontostomidae, (E.A. Smith, 1890).

Pfeiffer, 1842

http://species-id.net/wiki/Succinea_reflexa

Figs 5E–F, 5ii

Succinea reflexa

Plectostylus reflexus (Pfeiffer);

“Pichidanque prope Coquimbo, Chile”.

“Pichidanque near / Coquimbo, Chili”. M.C. label style IV.

“Long. 39, diam. 17 mill.”; lectotype H 36.9, D 15.5, W 5.3.

NHMUK 1975358, lectotype; 1975359, three paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

The original label states “found on the leaves / of Pourretia Coarctata” [= (Molina, 1782)]. This taxon is now considered a junior subjective synonym of Sowerby I, 1832 (F. Cádiz, unpublished data).

Bothriembryontidae, (Sowerby I, 1832) (synon. n.).

d’Orbigny, 1835

http://species-id.net/wiki/Helix_rhodinostoma

Figs 18C–E, 18iv

Helix rhodinostama [sic]

Bulimus rhodinostoma

Bahiensis rhodinostomus (d’Orbigny);

[Brazil] “in imperio Brasiliano”.

“Brésil”, in d“Orbigny”s handwriting.

“Longit. 21 millim., diam. 7 millim.”; lectotype H 21.7, D 7.25, W 8.1.

NHMUK 1854.12.4.139, lectotype (d’Orbigny coll.).

The material consists of one specimen, corresponding to the figure in d’Orbigny 1837 [1834-1847]; it is here desingated lectotype (design.n.) as d’Orbigny did not state on how many specimens his description was based. Although d’Orbigny (1835) published this taxon as , and this was not corrected by him in the same work, the prevailing usage of rhodinostoma makes this a justified emendation (Art. 33.2.3.1 ICZN).

Odontostomidae, (d’Orbigny, 1835).

J.E. Gray, 1834

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_rhodostomus

Figs 3F–G, 3iv

Bulimus rhodostomus J.E.

Bothriembryon (Bothriembryon) rhodostomus (J.E. Gray);

[Australia] “Novâ Hollandiâ?”; see Remarks.

“Australia”, probably written by a later hand.

“Axis 1 1/4, diam. 3/4 unc. [H 31.75, D 19.05 mm]”; lectotype H 31.1, D 18.0, W 5.4.

NHMUK 1874.10.28.1, lectotype; 1975222, one paralectotype (ex Gray).

Iredale (1939: 19) has restricted the type locality to Western Australia, Goose Island.

Bothriembryontidae, (J.E. Gray, 1834).

E.A. Smith, 1890

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_ridleyi

Figs 20A–B, 20i

Bulimus (Bulimulus) ridleyi E.A.

Hyperaulax ridleyi (E.A. Smith);

[Brazil, Fernando Noronha] “on the north side of the island; also found at the base of the Peak, north side, (...) and on Rat Island”.

“Fernando Noronha”.

“Longit. 12 millim., diam. 6”; lectotype H 11.46, D 5.9, W 5.3.

NHMUK 1888.6.27.106, lectotype; 1888.6.27.107-110, four paralectotypes.

The specimen figured by E.A. Smith is here desingated lectotype (design.n.). The four paralectotypes are glued onto paper.

Odontostomidae, (E.A. Smith, 1890).

Pfeiffer, 1853

http://species-id.net/wiki/Partula_salomonis

Figs 15B, 15ii

Partula salomonis

Placostylus (Santacharis) salomonis (Pfeiffer);

Santacharis salomonis (Pfeiffer);

“in insulis Salomonis” (see remarks).

“Solomon Ils” (badly faded). M.C. label style III.

“Long. 34, diam. 15 mill.”; lectotype H 33.6, D 19.6, W 6.0.PageBreak

NHMUK 1975234, lectotype (Cuming coll.).

The specimen, which corresponds to the original measurements and which has been figured by Pfeiffer (1856), was designated lectotype by Breure and Schouten 1985. Dohrn (1862: 213) was the first to recognize the synonymy between Pfeiffer, 1853 and Pfeiffer, 1860, despite the erroneous locality given for the former taxon. The species only occurs on the New Hebrides (Solem 1959, Delsaerdt 2010).

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1853).

Cox, 1870

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_sanchristovalensis

Figs 12B, 12ii

Bulimus sanchristovalensis

Eumecostylus sanchristovalensis (Cox);

“San Christoval, Solomon Islands”.

“Solomon Isls”, taxon label in Cox’ handwriting.

“Diameter 1.20, length 1.60 (...) inch [H 40.6 D 30.5 mm; erroneous, see Delsaerdt 2010]”; lectotype H 67.7, D 27.6, W 5.4.

NHMUK 1880.12.11.44, lectotype; 1880.12.11.45, one paralectotype, 20070069, five paralectotypes.

In addition, two further specimens are present; of which one is a probable paralectotype (1880.12.11.2) and the other (1877.7.23.23) is non-type material; however, as these specimens were previously mounted on the same board (possibly for display), but subsequently removed from the board, there is now no way of telling which specimen is which.

Bothriembryontidae, (Cox, 1870).

Crosse, 1886

http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_savesi

Figs 9E, 9v

Placostylus savesi

Placostylus (Placostylus) savesi Crosse; Breure and Schouten 1985: 63.

Placostylus eddystonensis savesi Crosse;

[New Caledonia] “in loco “Pouembou” dicto, Novae Caledoniae”.

“Pouembou (N. Cie)”, label in Crosse’s handwriting glued on dorsal side of shell.

“Longit. 56 millim., diam. maj. 28.”; holotype H 57.5, D 30.0, W 6.0.

NHMUK 1929.9.14.7, holotype (ex Crosse ex Marie).

The type status of this specimen has been discussed by Neubert et al. (2009); they concluded that it should be considered the holotype.

Bothriembryontidae, Crosse, 1886.

Cox, 1872

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_sellersi

Figs 10B, 10ii

Bulimus sellersi

Aspastus sellersi (Cox);

“Guadalcanar Island, Solomon Islands”.

“Solomon Isls”, taxon label “Placostylus / sellersi / Cox” (see remarks).

“Length 1.90, breadth 0.66 of an inch [H 46.3, D 16.8 mm]”; lectotype H 44.4, D 18.9, W 5.5.

NHMUK 20070067, lectotype; seven paralectotypes (ex Kennard ex Cox).

The specimens are accompanied by a second label “B. sellersi / Cox / Austr:”, which is possibly the original label of Cox. Furthermore, a third label. presumably made by Kennard, reads “Guadalcanar Cotypes Cox coll.”. The measurements of the lectotype as given by Delsaerdt (2010) appear to be erroneous (“The length of the lectotype is 50 mm”).

Bothriembryontidae, (Cox, 1872).

Morelet, 1857

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_singularis

Figs 9C, 9iii

Bulimus singularis

Placostylus porphyrostomus porphyrostomus (Pfeiffer);

[New Caledonia] “Portum Galliae, littore occidentali Nova-Caledoniae” [Nouméa].

“Nlle Calédonie” in Morelet`s handwriting.

“Longit. 69, diam. 31 mill.”; holotype H 70.0 D 35.2, W 6.5.

NHMUK 1893.2.4.1530, holotype (Morelet coll.).PageBreak

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1851).

Crosse, 1884

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_ouveanus_sinistrorsa

Figs 8E–F

Bulimus ouveanus sinistrorsa

Placostylus fibratus ouveanus (Dotzauer in Mousson);

[New Caledonia] “Lifou, une des îles Loyalty”.

No locality; taxon label in Crosse’s handwriting.

“Longueur totale de la coquille 47 millimètres, plus grand diamètre 23”; specimen figured herein H 49.2, D 26.0, W 6.2.

NHMUK 1929.9.14.8, one specimen, E. Marie leg. (Crosse coll.).

Crosse described this specimen as monstruosity. Neubert et al. (2009) correctly stated that this taxon name was proposed for a teratological specimen and is thus unavailable under ICZN Art. 1.3.2.

Bothriembryontidae, (Dotzauer in Mousson, 1869).

Morelet, 1857

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_souvillei

Figs 9B, 9ii

Bulimus souvillei

Placostylus (Placostylus) souvillei (Morelet);

Placostylus fibratus souvillei (Morelet);

[New Caledonia] “ad Sanctam-Mariam de Balade, Novae-Caledoniae ore occidentale” [see remarks].

“Ste Marie de Balade. Nlle Calédonie”, in Morelet`s handwriting.

“Longit. 118; diam. maj. 62 mill.”; lectotype H 116.5, D 66.5, W 6.8.

NHMUK 1893.2.4.1529, lectotype (ex Morelet).

The type locality is erroneous according to Neubert et al. (2009), “as f. souvillei does not live north of the Mt. Humboldt area”.

Bothriembryontidae, (Morelet, 1857).

Tate, 1894

http://species-id.net/wiki/Liparus_spenceri

Figs 2J–K, 2v

Liparus spenceri

[Northern Territory, near Alice Springs] “Glen of Palms by the junction with Palm Creek” (Tate 1896: 202).

“Glen of Palms”, presumably in Tate’s handwriting.

Dimensions. “Length, 20; width 12.5 (...) mm”; specimen figured herein H 17.5, D 12.2, W 4.4.

NHMUK 1895.10.1.202–207, six paratypes (ex W.A. Horn).

This material was collected during the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia (1894). Three of the specimens are subadult or juvenile. Further type material is present in the South Australia Museum in Adelaide (Breure and Whisson in press).

Bothriembryontidae, (Tate, 1894).

Pfeiffer, 1855

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_strangei

Figs 14D, 14iv

Bulimus strangei

Placocharis strangei (Pfeiffer);

[Solomon Islands, Simbo] “Eddystone Island, Australian Seas”.

“Eddystone Isld / Australian Seas”. M.C. label style III.

“Long. 46, diam. 17 mill.”; lectotype H 45.9, D 20.7, W 5.4.

NHMUK 20100652, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

Delsaerdt (2010) selected Pfeiffer’s figure (1856 in Küster and Pfeiffer 1840–1865: pl. 16 figs 11–12) as lectotype. He remarked that the whereabouts of the type are unknown. Three specimens were found in the NHM Mollusca General Collection, which originate from Cuming’s collection and have the label in agreement with Pfeiffer’s type locality. One of the specimens corresponds to the figure in Delsaerdt representing the lectotype; its measurements fit with Pfeiffer’s and it is now considered the lectotype despite the fact that the taxon label is not in Pfeiffer’s handwriting.

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1855).PageBreak

Fulton, 1915

http://species-id.net/wiki/Placostylus_subroseus

Figs 13C, 13ii

Placostylus (Callistocharis) subroseus

[Fiji] “Viti Islands”.

“Viti Ids”.

“Alt. 44, diam. maj. 20 mm.”; holotype H 43.8, D 20.9, W 5.2.

NHMUK 1919.12.31.50, holotype (ex Fulton).

Bothriembryontidae, (Fulton, 1915).

Gassies, 1871

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_superfasciatus

Figs 7C, 7iii

Bulimus superfasciatus

Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn);

[New Caledonia] “Boulari”.

No locality given. Taxon label in Gassies’ hand, and marked with “T”.

“Long. 80 mill.; diam. maj. 37 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 77.1, D 39.8, W 5.8.

NHMUK 1883.11.10.1165, syntype (ex Gassies).

The characteristic “T” mark confirms the type status of this specimen.

Bothriembryontidae, (Martyn, 1784).

Pfeiffer, 1853

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_tasmanicus

Figs 3H–I, 3iii

Bulimus tasmanicus

[Australia, Tasmania] “Van Diemen’s Land” (see remarks).

“Van Diemens / isl.”, taxon label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. M.C. label style III.

“Long. 25, diam. 11 mill.”; specimen figured herein H 29.3, D 15.1, W 5.4.

NHMUK 1981204, one syntype (Cuming coll.).

The material (two specimens) is accompanied by two labels in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. One states “B. Tasmanicus / Pfr. Van Diemens / isl.”; this is considered the original label as it is entirely written in Pfeiffer’s hand and the specimen is considered to be a syntype. The second label reads “B. Tasmanicus Pfr. var. / Isle of Ianna / New Caledonia”; only the taxon name (“Tasmanicus Pfr. var.”) is in Pfeiffer’s handwriting and this material is not considered to be a syntype as the locality seems to be erroneous.

Kershaw (1987) has restricted the type locality to Maria Island.

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1853).

Fulton, 1903

http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontostomus_toleratus

Figs 23C–D, 23ii

Odontostomus (Moricandia) toleratus

Moricandia tolerata (Fulton);

“Brazil”.

“Brazil”, in Fulton’s handwrting.

“Maj. diam. 9; alt. 32 millim.”; holotype H 31.9, D 9.54, W 8.8.

NHMUK 1903.11.20.34, holotype (ex Fulton).

The label indicates “Type”.

Odontostomidae, (Fulton, 1903).

Pfeiffer, 1845

http://species-id.net/wiki/Tomogeres_turbinatus

Figs 19F, 19ii

Tomogeres turbinatus

Tomigerus (Tomigerus) turbinatus (Pfeiffer);

Biotocus turbinatus (Pfeiffer);

“In Brasiliâ”.

“Brazils”. M.C. label style IV.

“Diam. maj. 11 (...) alt. 10 mill.”; lectotype H 9.68, D 12.56, W 5.0.

NHMUK 1973107, lectotype and two paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

The material is not accompanied by a label in Pfeiffer’s handwriting. The lectotype corresponds to the figure given by Pfeiffer in Philippi 1846 [1845-1847].

Odontostomidae, (Pfeiffer, 1845).PageBreak

Pfeiffer, 1860

http://species-id.net/wiki/Bulimus_turneri

Figs 13D, 13v

Bulimus turneri

Placostylus (Poecilocharis) turneri (Pfeiffer);

[Vanuatu, Erromanga] “Erumanga, New Hebrides”.

“Euramanga, New Hebr”. M.C. label style III.

“Long. 32, diam. 17 mill.”; lectotype H 32.9, D 19.2, W 3.9.

NHMUK 1975237, lectotype and two paralectotypes, Turner leg. (Cuming coll.).

The holotype designation (Solem 1959) has to be interpreted as lectotype designation (Art. 74.6 ICZN). Of the paralectotypes, one is subadult, the other juvenile.

Bothriembryontidae, (Pfeiffer, 1860).

Pfeiffer, 1842

http://species-id.net/wiki/Succinea_variegata

Figs 5C–D, 5iii

Succinea variegata

Plectostylus variegatus (Pfeiffer);

“Chile prov. septembr. (Bridges)”.

“the valleys north of Coquimbo / found in the crevices of roc[ks]”. M.C. label style IV.

“Long. 48, diam. 23 mill.”; lectotype H 46.0, D 24.8, W 5.3.

NHMUK 1975362, lectotype; 1975363, three paralectotypes (Cuming coll.).

Pfeiffer’s description was read before the Zoological Society of London on 13 December 1842, but appeared in print in 1843. In this paper he gives the exact text as shown on the label. The locality label does not seem to have the taxon name in Pfeiffer’s hand; however, there is a second label in his handwriting “B. variegatus / Pfr.”. Therefore we do not question the type status of these specimens. This taxon is now considered a junior subjective synonym of Sowerby I, 1832 (F. Cádiz, unpublished data).

Bothriembryontidae, (Sowerby I, 1832) (synon. n.).