New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Sphindidae, Erotylidae, Monotomidae, and Cryptophagidae.

Two species of Sphindidae, Odontosphindus denticollis LeConteand Sphindus trinifer Casey, are reported for the first time for New Brunswick. Another species, Sphindus near americanus LeConte is reported from the province but may be an undescribed species, pending further study. Five species of Erotylidae are newly recorded for the province, including Tritoma humeralis Fabricius and Tritoma sanguinipennis (Say), which are new to the Maritime provinces. Three species of Monotomidae are added to the New Brunswick faunal list, including Pycnotomina cavicollis (Horn), which is newly recorded for the Maritime provinces. Six additional species of Cryptophagidae are reported for the province and the presence of Antherophagus convexulus LeContein New Brunswick is confirmed. Cryptophagus pilosus Gyllenhal and Myrmedophila americana (LeConte) are newly reported to the Maritime provinces.

Introduction

The Sphindidae, Erotylidae, and Monotomidae of the Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island) were reviewed by Majka (2007, 2010) and Majka and Bousquet (2010), respectively. The Cryptophagidae of Atlantic Canada were reviewed by Majka et al. (2010a) (Atomariinae) and Majka and Langor (2010) (CrypPageBreaktophaginae). Intensive collecting in New Brunswick by the first author since 2003 and records obtained more recently from by-catch samples during a study to develop improved lures for the detection of invasive species of Cerambycidae have yielded additional new provincial records in the above families. The purpose of this paper is to report on these new records. A brief synopsis of each family is included in the results below.

Methods and conventions

The following records are based on specimens collected during a general survey by the first author to document the Coleoptera fauna of New Brunswick and from by-catch samples obtained from trapping experiments conducted to develop tools for the detection of invasive species of Cerambycidae.

Collection methods

Various collection methods were employed to collect the species reported in this study. Details are outlined in Campbell (1973) and Webster et al. (2009, Appendix). See Webster et al. (in press) for details of the methods used for deployment of Lindgren 12-funnel traps and sample collection. A description of the habitat was recorded for all specimens collected during this survey. Locality and habitat data are presented exactly as on labels for each record. This information, as well as additional collecting notes, is summarized and discussed in collection and habitat data section for each species.

Distribution

Distribution maps, created using ArcMap and ArcGIS, are presented for each species in New Brunswick. Every species is cited with current distribution in Canada and Alaska, using abbreviations for the state, provinces, and territories. New records for New Brunswick are indicated in bold under Distribution in Canada and Alaska. The following abbreviations are used in the text:PageBreak

Acronyms of collections examined or where specimens reside referred to in this study are as follows:

AFC

Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada

CNC

Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

NBM

New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada

RWC

Reginald P. Webster Collection, Charters Settlement, New Brunswick, Canada

Results

Species accounts

All records are species newly recorded for New Brunswick, Canada unless noted otherwise (additional records). Species followed by ** are newly recorded from the Maritime provinces of Canada.

The classification of the Sphindidae, Erotylidae, Monotomidae, and Cryptophagidae follows Bouchard et al. (2011).

Family Sphindidae Jacquelin du Val, 1860

The Sphindidae (cryptic slime mold beetles) live in or on slime-mold sporocarps, and both larvae and adults feed on spores and supporting structures of the slime molds (McHugh 2002). Campbell (1991a) reported five species from Canada but none from New Brunswick and the other Maritime provinces, although Lafontaine et al. (1987) reported LeConte from the Cape Breton Highlands National Park in Nova Scotia. Majka (2010) reported LeConte and LeConte from New Brunswick. However, the identification of was considered provisional due to the poor quality of the specimen. and were newly reported from Nova Scotia (Dollin et al. 2008; Majka 2010). Here, we report Casey and LeConte for the first time for the province. Another species, near americanus LeConte is reported from the province but may be an undescribed species, pending further study and additional specimens. This is presumably the same species reported as by Majka (2010). A list of the species currently known from New Brunswick is given in Table 1.

Table 1.

Species of Sphindidae, Erotylidae, Monotomidae, and Cryptophagidae recorded from New Brunswick.

Family Sphindidae Jacquelin du Val

Subfamily Odontosphindinae Sen Gupta and Crowson

Odontosphindus denticollis LeConte*

Subfamily Sphindinae Jacquelin du Val

Sphindus near americanus LeConte

Sphindus trinifer Casey*

Eurysphindus hirtus LeConte

Family Erotylidae Latreille

Subfamily Languriinae Hope

Tribe Languriini Hope

Acropteroxys gracilis (Newman)

Subfamily Erotylinae Latreille

Tribe Dacnini Gistel

Dacne quadrimaculata (Say)*

Tribe Tritomini Curtis

Triplax dissimulator (Crotch)

Triplax frosti Casey

Triplax macra LeConte*

Triplax thoracica Say

Tritoma humeralis Fabricius*

Tritoma pulchra Say*

Tritoma sanguinipennis (Say)**

Family Monotomidae Laporte

Subfamily Rhizophaginae Laporte

Rhizophagus brunneus brunneus Horn

Rhizophagus dimidiatus Mannerheim

Rhizophagus minutus rotundicollis Bousquet*

Rhizophagus remotus LeConte*

Subfamily Monotominae Laporte

Monotoma bicolor Villa and Villa

Monotoma longicollis (Gyllenhal)

Monotoma picipes Herbst

Monotoma producta LeConte

Pycnotomina cavicollis (Horn)**

Tribe Cryptophagini Kirby

Family Cryptophagidae Kirby

Subfamily Cryptophaginae Kirby

Antherophagus convexulus LeConte

Antherophagus ochraceus Melshiemer

Cryptophagus acutangulus Gyllenhal*

Cryptophagus fallax Balfour-Browne

Cryptophagus mainensis Casey*

Cryptophagus pilosus Gyllenhal**

Henoticus serratus (Gyllenhal)*

Henotiderus centromaculatus Reitter*

Pteryngium crenatum (Fabricius)*

Telmatophilus americanus LeConte

Telmatophilus typhae (Fallen)

Tribe Atomeriini LeConte

Subfamily Atomeriinae LeConte

Atomaria (Anchicera) apicalis Erichson

Atomaria (Anchicera) distincta Casey

Atomaria (Anchicera) ephippiata Zimmerman

Atomaria (Anchicera) fuscata Schonherr

Atomaria (Anchicera) lewisi Reitter

Atomaria (Anchicera) pusilla (Paykull)

Atomaria (Anchicera) Stephens

Notes. *New to province, **New to Maritime provinces.

Subfamily Odontosphindinae Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1979

LeConte, 1878

http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontosphindus_denticollis

Map 1

Map 1.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

Material examined.

New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Meduxnekeag Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1907°N, 67.6740°W, 20.VI.2009, R. P. Webster, mixed forest on slime mould ( sp.) on rotted log (5, RWC). Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A.PageBreak (Protected Natural Area), 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 11–18.VI.2009, 18–25.VI.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red oak forest, Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC, RWC); same locality data and forest type but 13–25.V.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, Lindgren funnel trap (1, RWC). York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8395°N, 66.7391°W, 18.VII.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, on slime mould ( sp.) on rotted log (1, RWC); 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6848°N, 66.8821°W, 28.VI–7.VII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red pine forest, Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC, RWC).

Collection and habitat data.

This species was reported on the slime mold, (L.) Wigg. by Lawrence and Newton (1980). In New Brunswick, adults were collected from species (slime mold) on rotted logs in mixed forests and from Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old red oak ( L.) forest and an old red pine ( Ait.) forest. Adults were collected during May, June, and July.

Distribution in Canada and Alaska.

ON, QC, NB, NS (Lafontaine et al. 1987; Campbell 1991a; Dollin et al. 2008; Bishop et al. 2009; Majka 2010).

Subfamily Sphindinae Jacquelin du Val, 1860

LeConte, 1866

Map 2

Map 2.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of near americanus.

New Brunswick, York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8395°N, 66.7391°W, 26.VIII.2007, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, u.v. light (1, RWC); 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6848°N, 66.8821°W, 15–21.VI.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red pine forest, Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC, RWC).

This species was collected at an ultraviolet light near a mixed forest and captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old red pine forest. Adults were captured during June and August.

Majka (2010) considered the identification of as provisional for New Brunswick due to the poor condition of the specimen. The above specimens are similar to in possessing a two-segmented antennal club, but differ in other characters from specimens of in the C.N.C. and may be an undescribed species (Serge Laplante, personal communication). In Canada, was reported from British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, and Quebec by Campbell (1991a). was first reported from Nova Scotia by Dollin et al. (2008), and Majka (2010) considered this species common and widespread in the province (but see below).

Casey, 1898**

http://species-id.net/wiki/Sphindus_trinifer

Map 3

Map 3.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Jackson Falls, Bell Forest, 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 26.VI.2007, 25.VII.2007, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, u.v. light (2, NBM, RWC); same locality and forest type, 4–12.VI.2008, R. P. Webster, Lindgren funnel trap (1, RWC); same locality and habitat data but 9–14.V.2009, 14–20.V.2009, 8–16.VI.2009, 16–21.VI.2009, Webster & M.-A. Giguère, Lindgren funnel traps (4, AFC, RWC). Charlotte Co., 10 km NW of New River Beach, 45.2110°N, 66.6170°W, 16–26.VII.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old growth eastern white cedar forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC). Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A., 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 21–27.V.2009, 5–11.VI.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red oak forest, Lindgren funnel traps (5, AFC); Grand Lake Meadows P.N.A., 45.8227°N, 66.1209°W, 19–31.V.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old silver maple forest with green ash and seasonally flooded marsh, Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC); same locality data and forest type, 21.VI-5.VII.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, Lindgren funnel trap (1, NBM). Restigouche Co., Dionne Brook P.N.A., 47.9030°N, 68.3503°W, 30.V-15.VI.2011, 9–23.VIII.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, old-growth northern hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel traps (3, NBM, RWC). Sunbury Co., Acadia Research Forest, 45.9866°N, 66.3841°W, 19–25.V.2009, 25.V-2.VI.2009, 24–30.VI.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, mature (110-year-old) red spruce forest with scattered red maple and balsam fir, Lindgren funnel traps (6, AFC). York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8395°N, 66.7391°W, 26.VII.2005, 11.VI.2007, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, u.v. light (4, RWC); same locality, habitat data, and collector but 23.IV.2008, collected during aerial flight between 15:00 to 18:00h (1, RWC); 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6848°N, 66.8821°W, 8–15.VI.2009, 15–21.VI.2009, M.-A. Giguère, R. Webster, & V. Webster, old red pine forest, Lindgren funnel traps (4, AFC); 14 km WSW of Tracy, S of Rt. 645, 45.6741°N, 66.8661°W, 26.IV-10.V.2010, 10–26.V.2010, 30.VI-13.VII.2010, R. Webster C. MacKay & K. Burgess, old mixed forest with red and white spruce, red and white pine, balsam fir, eastern white cedar, red maple, and sp., Lindgren funnel traps (5, AFC, RWC).

Adults were found in a mature hardwood forest with sugar maple ( Marsh.), American beech ( Ehrh.), white ash ( L.), and butternut ( L.), an old-growth northern hardwood forest with sugar maple and yellow birch ( Britt.), an old silver maple ( L.) swamp, an old-growth red pine forest, a mature red spruce ( Sarg.) forest, an old eastern white cedar ( L.) swamp/forest, and old mixed forests. This species was captured in Lindgren funnel traps at all sites where these traps were used. Adults were also collected during an evening flight (between 15:00 and 18:00 h), and at an ultraviolet light. Adults were collected during April, May, June, July, and August.

ON, QC, NB (Campbell 1991a). Casey (1898) used the number of antennal segments of the club to distinguish PageBreak(three-segmented club) from (two-segmented club) in his key to the American species. However, Downie and Arnett (1996) and Majka (2010) used size and other characteristics such as color to separate (1.5 to 2.5 mm in length) from (1.7 mm in length). These characteristics are variable in these two species and are, therefore, unreliable for use in distinguishing these species. The specimens reported above all possess a three-segmented club, a character of . The adults from New Brunswick are, on average, larger (ranging from 1.7 to 2.0 mm in length) than the 1.7 mm given for the type specimen of (from Toronto, Canada) in Casey’s original description. The specimens otherwise agree with the original description of . Interestingly, was reported by Majka (2010) to be common and widespread in Nova Scotia. However, the specimen illustrated in his paper possesses a three-segmented club, a character of . The Nova Scotia specimens should be re-examined to confirm their identity.

Family Erotylidae Latreille, 1802

The Erotylidae (and Endomychidae) of the Maritime provinces were reviewed by Majka (2007). (Crotch) was reported from New Brunswick for the first time. Majka et al. (2010b) later reported (Newman) (Languriinae Hope) from New Brunswick. The Erotylidae live in hard bracket fungi (Polyporacae) (Subfamilies Dacninae and Megalodacninae) and soft polypores and basidiomycetes (Tritominae) (Skelley et al. 1991; Skelley and McHugh 2002). Members of the Languriinae are stem borers on composites and legumes, and adults are usually collected on their host plants (Leschen and Skelley 2002b). Majka (2007) discussed the fungal associations of members of the Erotylidae from the Maritime provinces and the impact that forest management practices may have on the communities of forest fungi and the associated beetle species dependent on these fungi. Four species of Erotylidae were reported from New Brunswick by Majka (2007) and Majka et al. (2010b). Here, we add five species of Erotylidae to the Coleoptera faunal list of New Brunswick, including Fabricius and (Say), which are new to the Maritime provinces (Table 1).

Subfamily Erotylinae Latreille, 1802

Tribe Dacnini Gistel, 1848

(Say, 1835)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Dacne_quadrimaculata

Map 4

Map 4.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of

New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Jackson Falls, Bell Forest, 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 28.VI.2005, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, u.v. PageBreaklight (1, RWC); same locality and habitat data but 12–19.VI.2008, R. P. Webster, Lindgren funnel traps (2, RWC); Meduxnekeag Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1907°N, 67.6740°W, 20.VI.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, in partially dried species on dead standing trembling aspen (2, RWC); same locality but 46.1877°N, 67.6717°W, 2.IX.2008, R. P. Webster, hardwood forest, on slightly dried on sugar maple (4, RWC). Sunbury Co., Burton near Sunpoke Lake, 45.7658°N, 66.5546°W, 20.VI.2007, R. P. Webster, red oak and red maple forest, on slightly dried sp. on dead standing poplar (1, RWC).

In New Brunswick, adults of this species were collected in a mature hardwood forest with American beech, sugar maple, and ash, mixed forests, and an old red oak forest. Most individuals were collected from partially dried sp. on dead standing sp. and on a slightly dried (Fr.) Kar. on a dead standing sugar maple. A few adults were also captured in Lindgren funnel traps and at an ultraviolet light. Skelley et al. (1991) reported that larvae of this species feed in a variety of hard and soft basidiomycete bracket fungi, including sp. In New Brunswick, adults were collected during June and September.

MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell 1991b; Majka 2007).

Tribe Tritomini Curtis, 1834

LeConte 1854

http://species-id.net/wiki/Triplax_macra

Map 5

Map 5.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Jackson Falls, Bell Forest, 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 28.VII.2008, 18.VIII.2008, 20.IX.2008, mature hardwood forest, in (a fleshy polypore fungus) (18, NBM, RWC); same locality and forest type but 12–19.VI.2008, 12–19.VII.2008, R. P. Webster, Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC); same locality and habitat data but 21–28.VI.2009, Webster & M.-A. Giguère, Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC). Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A., 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 13–20.VII.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, old red oak forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, NBM). Restigouche, Co., Dionne Brook P.N.A., 47.9030°N, 68.3503°W, 30.V-15.VI.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, old-growth northern hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel traps (4, AFC, NBM); same locality and collectors but 47.9064°N, 68.3441°W, 31.V-15.VI.2011, 27.VI–14.VII.2011, old-growth northern hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel traps (2, NBM, RWC). York Co., 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6848°N, 66.8821°W, 10–30.VIII.2010, R. Webster & K. Burgess, old red pine forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC)

A long series of adults of were collected from (Fr.) Kar. (a fleshy polypore fungus) in a maturePageBreak hardwood forest. Additional adults were captured in Lindgren funnel traps at this same site and from funnel traps deployed in an old red pine forest, an old red oak forest, an old-growth northern hardwood forest, and an old-growth white spruce ( (Moench) Voss) and balsam fir ( (L.) Mill.) forest. Adults were captured during July, August, and September. Skelley et al. (1991) reported this species from two sp. and Fr.

MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell 1991b; Majka 2007).

Fabricius, 1801**

http://species-id.net/wiki/Tritoma_humeralis

Map 6

Map 6.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Sunbury Co., Acadia Research Forest, 46.0173°N, 66.3741°W, 18.VI.2007, R. P. Webster, 8.5-year-old regenerating mixed forest, in gilled mushroom on stump (sun-exposed) (1, RWC).

One adultof this species was collected during June in a gilled mushroom on a sun-exposed stump in an 8.5-year-old regenerating mixed forest.

ON, QC, NB (Campbell 1991b).

Say, 1826

http://species-id.net/wiki/Tritoma_pulchra

Map 7

Map 7.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Jackson Falls, “Bell Forest”, 46.2210°N, 67.7210°W, 12.VII.2004, K. Bredin, J. Edsall, & R. Webster, mature mixed forest, sweeping foliage (1, RWC); same locality but 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 27.VI–5.VII.2008, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC); same locality and habitat data but 1–8.VI.2009, 8–16.VI.2009, 21–28.VI.2009, 19–31.VII.2009, 31.VII–7.VIII.2009, 7–12.VIII.2009, Webster & M.-A. Giguère, Lindgren funnel traps (6, AFC); Meduxnekeag Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1907°N, 67.6740°W, 8.VIII.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, in slightly decayed polypore fungus on log (5, RWC); Hartland, Becaguimec Island (in Saint John River), 46.3106°N, 67.5372°W, 16.IX.2006, R. P. Webster, hardwood forest, in fleshy polypore fungi on dead standing sp. (4, NBM, RWC). Charlotte Co., 10 km NW of New River Beach, 45.2110°N, 66.6170°W, 26.VII-10.VIII.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old growth eastern white cedar forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC). Northumberland Co., Goodfellow Brook P.N.A. , 46.8943°N, 65.3796°W, 23.V.2007, R. P. Webster, old growth eastern white cedar swamp, in litter with grasses and moss on hummock near water (1, RWC). Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A., 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 18–25.VI.2009, 25.VI–1.VII.2009, PageBreak21–28.VII.2009, 28.VII-6.VIII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, mature red oak forest, Lindgren funnel traps (5, AFC). Restigouche, Co., Dionne Brook P.N.A., 47.9064°N, 68.3441°W, 15–27.VI.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, NBM). Sunbury Co., Acadia Research Forest, 45.9866°N, 66.3841°W, 13–21.VII.2009, 21–29.VII.2009,PageBreak 29.VII-4.VIII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, mature (110 year-old) red spruce forest with scattered red maple and balsam fir, Lindgren funnel trap (5, AFC). York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8286°N, 66.7365°W, 13–17.VII.2008, R. P. Webster, mature mixed forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, NBM); Rt. 645 at Beaver Brook, 45.6860°N, 66.8668°W, 13.VIII.2008, R. P. Webster, sedge marsh, on flowers of (1, NBM); 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6848°N, 66.8821°W, 7–14.VII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red pine forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC); 14 km WSW of Tracy, S of Rt. 645, 45.6741°N, 66.8661°W, 26.V–2.VI.2010, 16–30.VI.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old mixed forest with red and white spruce, red and white pine, balsam fir, eastern white cedar, red maple, and sp., Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC).

In New Brunswick, was found in a variety of forest types, such as mature hardwood forests, an old red oak forest, mixed forests, an old red spruce forest, an old red pine forest, an old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest, and old-growth eastern white cedar forests. Most adults were collected from soft polypore fungi on logs and dead standing trees or captured in Lindgren funnel traps. A few individuals were collected by sweeping vegetation or sifting litter. One adult was found on flowers of meadow sweet ( Du Roi) in a sedge marsh. Adults were collected during June, July, August, and September.

ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell 1991b).

(Say, 1825)**

http://species-id.net/wiki/Tritoma_sanguinipennis

Map 8

Map 8.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A., 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 2.IX.2009, R. P. Webster, mature red oak forest, fleshy polypore fungus on side of log (1, RWC).

The only specimen known from New Brunswickwas collected in a soft polypore fungus on the side of a log in September.

ON, QC, NB (Campbell 1991b).

Family Monotomidae Laporte, 1840

Most members of the family Monotomidae (the root-eating beetles) are subcortical and are considered predators of xylophagous insects, such as scolytine larvae, although some may feed on fungi and their by-products (Bousquet 2002). Some species ( species) live in decaying vegetable matter and often are found in compost heaps (Bousquet and Laplante 2000; Bousquet 2002). The Monotomidae of the Maritime provinces were recently reviewed by Majka and Bousquet (2010). Six species were reported from New Brunswick. Here, we add three additional species to the faunal list, PageBreakincluding (Horn), which is newly recorded for the Maritime provinces (Table 1).

Subfamily Rhizophaginae Redtenbacher, 1845

Mannerheim, 1843

http://species-id.net/wiki/Rhizophagus_dimidiatus

Map 9

Map 9.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

Additional New Brunswick records. Carleton Co., Jackson Falls, Bell Forest, 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 6.V.2007, 7.VI.2007, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, on fleshy polypore (bracket) fungi on dead standing beech (2, RWC); same locality but 4–12.VI.2008, 12–19.VI.2008, 27.VI-5.VII.2008, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel traps (8, AFC, RWC); same locality and habitat data but 20–26.V.2009, 1–8.VI.2009, 16–21.VI.2009, 21–28.VI.2009, Webster & M.-A. Giguère, Lindgren funnel traps (4, AFC, RWC). Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A, 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 5–11.VI.2009, 11–18.VI.2009, 18–25.VI.2009, 25.VI–1.VII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red oak forest, Lindgren funnel traps (11, AFC). Restigouche Co., Dionne Brook P.N.A., 47.9030°N, 68.3503°W, 30.V–15.VI.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, old-growth northern hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC, NBM); same locality and collectors but 47.9064°N, 68.3441°W, 31.V–15.VI.2011, 27.VI–14.VII.2011, old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest, Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC, NBM). Sunbury Co., Acadia Research Forest, 45.9866°N, 66.3841°W, 2–9.VI.2009, 24–30.VI.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, mature (110-year-old) red spruce forest with scattered red maple and balsam fir, Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC). York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8286°N, 66.7365°W, 6.VI.2007, R. P. Webster, mature red spruce and red maple forest, under scolytid infested bark of red spruce (2, RWC); 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6848°N, 66.8821°W, 8–15.VI.2009, 15–21.VI.2009, 20–29.VII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red pine forest, Lindgren funnel traps (4, AFC); 14 km WSW of Tracy, S of Rt. 645, 45.6741°N, 66.8661°W, 10–26.V.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old mixed forest with red and white spruce, red and white pine, balsam fir, eastern white cedar, red maple, and sp., Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC).

Most adults from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps. This species occurred in various forest types, including mature hardwood forests, an old-growth northern hardwood forest, an old red oak forest, old mixed forests, an old red pine forest, and an old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest. Specimens with specific habitat data were collected from under scolytine-infested bark of red spruce and on fleshy polypore (bracket) fungi on dead standing American beech trees. Bousquet (1990) reported this species from under bark of deciduous ( sp., sp., sp.) and coniferous ( sp., sp., sp.) trees in eastern North America. Adults were collected during May, June, and July in New Brunswick.PageBreak

AK, YK, BC, AB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF (Bousquet 1990; Majka and Bousquet 2010). was first reported from New Brunswick by Majka and Bousquet (2010) on the basis of one specimen from Chatham, Northumberland Co., collected by P. Kaanar (in CNC). This species is widespread and common in New Brunswick.

Bousquet, 1990

http://species-id.net/wiki/Rhizophagus_minutus_rotundicollis

Map 10

Map 10.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8395°N, 66.7391°W, 20.IV.2004, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, compost, decaying vegetables (1, RWC); same locality data but 23.IV.2008, 4.IV.2010, R. P. Webster, mixed forest opening, in flight between 15:00 and 18:00 h (2, RWC); Charters Settlement, 45.8340°N, 66.7450°W, 29.III.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, margin of vernal pond in leaf litter (1, RWC).

Bousquet (1990) reported this subspecies from balsam fir and white spruce. Specimens from New Brunswick were collected from decaying vegetables, in leaf litter on the margin of a vernal pond, and in flight between 15:00 and 18:00 h in a mixed forest opening. Adults were captured during March and April.

ON, QC, NB, NS, NF (Bousquet 1990; Majka and Bousquet 2010).

LeConte, 1866

http://species-id.net/wiki/Rhizophagus_remotus

Map 11

Map 11.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Richmond, near Hovey Hill P.N.A., 46.1155°N, 67.7631°W 24.V.2005, R. P. Webster, clear-cut (hardwood forest), under bark of sp. (6, NBM, RWC); Jackson Falls, Bell Forest, 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 23–28.IV.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, mature hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC). Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A, 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 5–11.VI.2009, 25.VI-1.VII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red oak forest, Lindgren funnel traps (3, AFC, RWC). York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8331°N, 66.7410°W, 29.V.2007, R. P. Webster, mature red spruce forest, under bark of sp. (7, NBM, RWC); same locality, forest type and collector, 1.IV.2007, under bark of stump sticking out of snow (1, NBM); Charters Settlement, 45.8395°N, 66.7391°W, 23.IV.2008, R. P. Webster, mixed forest opening, in flight between 15:00 and 18:00 h (1, RWC); 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6848°N, 66.8821°W, 1–8.VI.2009, 15–21.VI.2009, 14–20.VII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red pine forest, Lindgren funnel traps (3, AFC); 14 km WSW of Tracy, S PageBreakof Rt. 645, 45.6741°N, 66.8661°W, 26.IV–10.V.2010, 26.V–2.VI.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old mixed forest with red and white spruce, red and white pine, balsam fir, eastern white cedar, red maple, and sp., Lindgren funnel traps (2, AFC).

This species has been reported under bark of pine and various species, but most commonly from under bark of Michx. (Bousquet 1990). Adults in New Brunswick were taken from under bark of and under bark of a stump sticking out of snow in early April, and were collected with an aerial net during an evening flight. Other individuals were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature hardwood forest, an old red oak forest, an old red pine forest, and in an old mixed forest. Adults were captured during April, May, June, and July.

AK, BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet 1990).

Subfamily Monotominae Laporte, 1840

(Horn, 1879)**

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pycnotomina_cavicollis

Map 12

Map 12.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Jackson Falls, Bell Forest, 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 4–12.VI.2008, 12–19.VI.2008, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel traps (12, AFC, RWC).

All adults of this species from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature hardwood forest with sugar maple, white ash, butternut, American beech, and scattered eastern hemlock ( (L.) Carr.). Adults were captured during June.

ON, QC, NB (Bousquet 1991a).

Family Cryptophagidae Kirby, 1826

The Cryptophagidae (silken fungus beetles) usually occur in moist decaying habitats that promote fungal growth, such as leaf litter and rotting wood, where they feed on fungal hyphae, spores, and conidia (Leschen and Skelley 2002a). Some species are saprophagous, while others can be found on flowers. species are phoretic on bees and are found in the nests or at flowers (Bousquet 1989, Leschen and Skelley 2002a). The Cryptophagidae of Atlantic Canada were reviewed by Majka et al. (2010a) (Atomariinae) and Majka and Langor (2010) (Cryptophaginae). Seven species of (Atomariinae) (Majka et al. 2010a) and five species of Cryptophaginae (Majka and Langor 2010) were reported from New Brunswick. However, the record of LeConte reported in Bousquet (1991b) was consideredPageBreak provisional by Majka and Langor (2010) due to lack of a supporting voucher specimen. Below, we report six additional species of Cryptophaginae from New Brunswick and confirm the presence of in the province (Table 1). Gyllenhal and (LeConte) are new to the Maritime provinces.

Subfamily Cryptophaginae Kirby, 1826. Tribe Cryptophagini Kirby, 1826

LeConte, 1863

http://species-id.net/wiki/Antherophagus_convexulus

Map 13

Map 13.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of

Additional New Brunswick records. Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A., 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 6.VIII.2009, M.-A. Giguère, mature red oak forest, on flowers of (1, RWC).

Adults of sp. are phoretic on spp. and are often found in their nests or on flowers (Bousquet 1989; Leschen and Skelley 2002a). The specimen of from New Brunswick was found on flowers of DuRoi during early August.

ON, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet 1991b). Majka and Langor (2010) were unable to locate any voucher specimens or published records to support the record for New Brunswick in Bousquet (1991b), but provisionally retained this species for the province. The record above confirms the presence of this species for New Brunswick.

Gyllenhal, 1827

http://species-id.net/wiki/Cryptophagus_acutangulus

Map 14

Map 14.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8395°N, 66.7391°W, 5.V.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, compost (decaying vegetable matter) (1, RWC); same locality, collector and forest type, 4.IV.2010, collected with aerial net during evening flight between 16:30 h and 19:00 h (1, RWC); 14 km WSW of Tracy, S of Rt. 645, 45.6741°N, 66.8661°W, 25.IV–10.V.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old mixed forest with red and white spruce, red and white pine, balsam fir, eastern white cedar, red maple, and sp., Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC).

In North America, the Holarctic has been reported from , on lumber, on , on , in stored grain, from grain elevators, at light, and collected during evening flight (based on label data) (Woodroffe and Coombs 1961). New Brunswick specimens were collected from compost, during evening flight, and from a Lindgren funnel trap deployed in an old mixed forest. Adults were captured during April and May.

AK, BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF (Bousquet 1991b; Majka and Langor 2010).PageBreak

Gyllenhal, 1827**

http://species-id.net/wiki/Cryptophagus_pilosus

Map 15

Map 15.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, York Co., Fredericton, 7.I.1922, R. P. Gorham, stored turnips (1, AFC).

The single adult from New Brunswick was collected from stored turnips in January. Woodroffe and Coombs (1961) reported this Holarctic species from stored products and vegetable refuse.

BC, MB, ON, NB (Bousquet 1991b).

Casey, 1924

http://species-id.net/wiki/Cryptophagus_mainensis

Map 16

Map16.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Jackson Falls, Bell Forest, 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 25.VIII-2.IX.2008, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, RWC). Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A., 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 1–10.VII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, mature red oak forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, RWC).

was reported from red spruce and hemlock forests in Nova Scotia (Majka and Langor 2010). The specimens from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature hardwood forest with American beech, sugar maple, and white ash, and an old red oak forest. Adults were collected during July, August, and September.

NB, NS, NF (Majka and Langor 2010). Majka and Langor (2010) reported this species for the first time for Canada from Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.

(Gyllenhal, 1808)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Henoticus_serratus

Map 17

Map 17.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A., 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 24.IV-5.V.2009, 5–12.V.2009, 12–21.V.2009, 21–27.V.2009, 27.V–5.VI.2009, 5–11.VI.2009, 11–18.VI.2009, 18–25.VI.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, mature red oak forest, Lindgren funnel traps (17, AFC, NBM, RWC). York Co., McAdam, Georgia Pacific Plywood Mill, 19.V.1978, F.A.T. and U.P.N., on radiata pine, F.I.D.S., 78–2-2051–13 (1, AFC); Charters Settlement, 45.8395°N, 66.7391°W, 5.IX.2006, R. P. Webster, mixed forest, among moldy corncobs and cornhusks (1, RWC).

Adults of occur in leaf litter, fungi, under bark, on leaves of trees and shrubs (Bousquet 1989). Majka and Langor (2010) noted that were collected from natural habitats in Nova Scotia, such as red spruce and red oak forests. Most specimens from New Brunswick were collected from Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature red oak forest. One individual was collected from among moldy corncobs and cornhusks near a mixed forest. Adults were collected during April, May, June, and September.

AK, BC, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF (Bousquet 1991b; Majka and Langor 2010).

Reitter, 1877

http://species-id.net/wiki/Henotiderus_centromaculatus

Map 18

Map 18.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Carleton Co., Jackson Falls, Bell Forest, 46.2200°N, 67.7231°W, 6.V.2007, R. P. Webster, mature hardwood forest, under bark of fungus covered beech log (9, NBM, RWC); same locality, collector, and habitat data but 4–12.VI.2008, Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC); same locality data and habitat but 22–28.IV.2009, 28.IV-9.V.2009, 1–8.VI.2009, Webster & M.-A. Giguère, Lindgren funnel traps (5, AFC); near Belleville, 1.3 km E jct. Rt. 640 & Plymouth Rd., 46.1867°N, 67.6817°W, 7.V.2008, R. P. Webster, old hardwood forest, in fleshy (shelf) polypore fungi on beech log (1 (many individuals observed), NBM). Charlotte Co., 10 km NW of New River Beach, 45.2110°N, 66.6170°W, 31.V–15.VI.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old growth eastern white cedar forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC). Gloucester Co., near Black Rock, 47.7395°N, 65.2545°W, 8.VI.2006, R. P. Webster, eastern white cedar swamp, near slime mold under bark (of log) (1, RWC). Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A., 46.1125°N, 65.6075°W, 24.IV–5.V.2009, 5–12.V.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, mature red oak forest, Lindgren funnel traps (6, AFC). Restigouche Co., NE of jct. Little Tobique River and Red Brook, 47.4502°N, 67.0578°W, 24.V.2007, R. P. Webster, old-growth eastern white cedar swamp, under bark of log (1, RWC); Dionne Brook P.N.A., 47.9064°N, 68.3441°W, 31.V–15.VI.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, NBM). Sunbury Co., Acadia Research Forest, 45.9866°N, 66.3841°W, 8–13.V.2009, 13–18.V.2009, 8–13.VII.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, mature (110-year-old) red spruce forest with scattered red maple and balsam fir, Lindgren funnel traps (9, AFC). York Co., Charters Settlement, 45.8286°N, 66.7365°W, 3.VI.2007, R. P. Webster, mature red spruce forest, under bark of red spruce (1, RWC); 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6848°N, 66.8821°W, 22–25.IV.2009, 4–11.V.2009, 11–19.V.2009, 19–25.V.2009, 25.V–1.VI.2009, 15–21.VI.2009, R. Webster & M.-A. Giguère, old red pine forest, Lindgren funnel traps (6, AFC); 14 km WSW of Tracy, S of Rt. 645, 45.6741°N, 66.8661°W, 25.IV–10.V.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old mixed forest with red and whitePageBreak spruce, red and white pine, balsam fir, eastern white cedar, red maple, and sp., Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC).

Bousquet (1989) reported that occur in leaf litter, and various fungi such as , and in forests. Most specimens of from Nova Scotia were found in red spruce forests PageBreak(Majka and Langor 2010). In New Brunswick, this species was found in various of forest types including mature hardwood forests, an old red oak forest, an old mixed forest, mature red spruce forests, an old red (180-year-old) pine forest, an old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest (boreal forest), and eastern white cedar forests. Adults were found under bark of a fungus-covered beech log, under bark of a log, under bark of a red spruce, near slime mold under bark of sp., and in fleshy (shelf) polypore fungi on an American beech log. This species was frequently captured in Lindgren funnel traps. Adults were captured during April, May, June, and July.

AK, NT, AB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet 1991b; as (Casey)).

(LeConte, 1879)**

http://species-id.net/wiki/Myrmedophila_americana

Map 19

Map 19.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of mericana.

New Brunswick, Restigouche Co., Dionne Brook P.N.A., 47.9064°N, 68.3441°W, 30.V–15.VI.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, NBM); same locality and collectors but 47.9030°N, 68.3503°W, 27.VI–14.VII.2011, old-growth northern hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, RWC).

This species is myrmecophilous and associated with sp. (Bousquet 1989). The two adults from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old-growth northern hardwood forest and an old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest. This species was collected during June and July.

AK, YT, AB, MB, QC, NB (Bousquet 1989).

(Gyllenhal, 1808)

http://species-id.net/wiki/Pteryngium_crenatum

Map 20

Map 20.

Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of .

New Brunswick, Charlotte Co., 10 km NW of New River Beach, 45.2110°N, 66.6170°W, 31.V-15.VI.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old growth eastern white cedar forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, RWC). Restigouche Co., Dionne Brook P.N.A., 47.9064°N, 68.3441°W, 31.V–15.VI.2011, 27.VI–14.VII.2011, 28.VII-8.VIII.2011, 8–23.VIII.2011, M. Roy & V. Webster, old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest, Lindgren funnel traps (6, RWC); same locality and collectors but 47.9030°N, 68.3503°W, 28.VII–9.VIII.2011, old-growth northern hardwood forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, RWC). York Co., 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6848°N, 66.8821°W, 7–14.VII.2009, M.-A. Giguère & R. Webster, old red pine forest, Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC); 14 km WSW of Tracy, S of Rt. 645, 45.6741°N, 66.8661°W, 10–26.V.2010, R. Webster & C. MacKay, old mixed forestPageBreak with red and white spruce, red and white pine, balsam fir, eastern white cedar, red maple, and sp., Lindgren funnel trap (1, RWC).

This adventive Palaearctic species was reported from bracket fungi in coniferous forests in Nova Scotia by Majka and Langor (2010). The New Brunswick specimens were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old eastern white cedar forest, an old-growth red pine forest, an old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest (boreal forest), an old-growth northern hardwood forest, and an old mixed forest. Adults were captured during May, June, July, and August.

BC, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet 1991b; Majka and Langor 2010).

AK	Alaska	MB	Manitoba
YT	Yukon Territory	ON	Ontario
NT	Northwest Territories	QC	Quebec
NU	Nunavut	NB	New Brunswick
BC	British Columbia	PE	Prince Edward Island
AB	Alberta	NS	Nova Scotia
SK	Saskatchewan	NF & LB	Newfoundland and Labrador